60 IOWA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. j 



cross bedding that characterizes the whole formation. Some of ' 

 the larger boulders found at various levels throughout the beds i 

 were probably not directly transported by currents, but by float- I 

 ing masses of ice. While, therefore, the gravels lie between ! 

 two sheets of drift, and for that reason may be called intergla- i 

 cial, probably Aftonian, they yet belong to the time of the , 

 first ice melting, and are related to the Kansan stage of the 

 glacial series as the loess of northeastern Iowa is related to the I 

 lowan stage. , 



While the Illinois Central gravel pit is the typical exposure I 

 of the Buchanan gravels, the same beds are found widely dis- j 

 tributed throughout Buchanan, Linn, Jones, Delaware and prob- i 

 ably other counties. One exposure that has been utilized for | 

 the improvement of the county roads occurs on the hilltop a i 

 mile east of Independence. Another, used for like purposes, is ; 

 found a mile and a half west of Winthrop. The county line I 

 road northeast of Troy Mills cuts through the same deposit. i 

 Throughout the region already indicated there are many beds \ 

 of similar gravels, but in general they are so situated as not to ; 

 show their relations to the two beds of drift. 



The Buchanan gravels, it should be remembered, represent | 

 the coarse residue from a large body of till. The fine silt was \ 

 carried away by the currents and de|.osits of it should be found 

 somewhere to the southward. It may possibly be represented, | 

 in part at least, by the fine loess- like silt that forms a top j 

 dressing to the plains of Kansan drift in southern Iowa and i 

 regions farther south. i 



RECENT DISCOVERIES OF GLACIAL SCORINGS IN 

 SOUTHEASTERN IOWA. 



BY FRANCIS M. FULTZ. 



The discoveries of localities showing glacial scoring in 

 southeastern Iowa have been somewhat numerous during the 

 last few years. In a paper presented before this body a year 

 ago^ I called attention in detail to the different known exposures 



iGlacial Markings in Southeastern Iowa. Proc. la. Acad. Sci., Vol. II, p. 313. Des 

 Moines, 1895. 



