49 i IOWA ACADEMY OF SCIENCE 



Doctor Hilgard in 1891 stated it was common in the Bay 

 region. It is not a common weed except, perhaps, in the salt 

 marshes. Hemlock (Conium maculatum) was a sparingly in- 

 troduced plant in waste places about cities in 1876. It is com- 

 mon in many places now in the vicinity of Oakland and else- 

 where. Other weeds in this Bay region are Hollyhock (Althoea 

 rosea), Beet (Beta vulgaris), Buckhorn (Plantago lanceolata), 

 Jimson weed (Datura Tatula), Verba-scum Thapsus, Lactuca 

 Scariola and the variety integrata, Carrot (Daucus Carota), 

 Wild barley (Hordeum murinum and Hordeum nodosum). The 

 H. murinum was evidently not common in California in 1876. 

 Melilotus alba, Medicago denticulata and M. lupulina were com- 

 mon in the region as well as the Silybum marianum. 



Santa Cruz in the Monterey Bay region on the coast, south 

 of San Francisco and west of the coast range contains many 

 of the weeds found further north. The roadsides in places are 

 lined with tarweed (Hemizonia Sp.) and Rosin weed (Grin- 

 delia), Radish (Raplianus sativus), jointed charlock (R. Raphan- 

 istrum), Russian thistle (Salsola Kali var. tenuifolia), Medi- 

 cago lupulina, M. denticulata, Melilotus indica. The latter oc- 

 curs abundantly and is a troublesome weed. The Alfilaria 

 (Er odium cicutarium) is an abundant weed on roadsides and in 

 fields. Sometimes it is used most effectively to cover waste 

 places. Brassica campestris and Rumex crispus, Hordeum 

 murinumi and Centaurea melitensis are quite as common as in 

 the Sacramento Valley, Pacific Grove and the Monterey penin- 

 sula on the other side of the Bay. In one place the dodder 

 (Cuscuta Epitliymum) has practically destroyed alfalfa. 



In the city of Pacific Grove and outside I saw an abundance 

 of the Poison Hemlock (Conium maculatum) and Hordeum 

 murinum everywhere on the sand dunes. The Polygonum avi- 

 culare and occasionally some P. convolvulus are present in grain 

 fields to the east of Pacific Grove. At Salinas where some of the 

 soil is more or less salty I saw an abundance of caltrop (Tribu- 

 lus terrestris). The Hemizonia luzulaefolia as elsewhere in the 

 valley is a troublesome weed. The odor is most objectionable,- 

 stock do not forage on the weed. At Santa Barbara, further 

 south on the coast, one finds again the tarweeds in abundance. 

 I noticed two species of Hemizonia abundant. In some cases 

 fields were fairly yellow with it. The Eschscholtzia calif ornica 



