BIRDS OF MARSHALL COUNTY 127 



Hickory, Carya ovata (Miller) K. Koch. Tolerably common upland 

 form. 



Pignut, Carya glabra (Miller) Spach. Common. 



Hazelnut, Corylus americana Walter. Common. 



Hop. hornbeam, Ostrya virginiana (Miller) K. Koch. Common up- 

 land form. 



River birch, Betula nigra Linnaeus. A few trees below IMarshalltown 

 along Iowa river. Other birches are frequently cultivated. 



White oak, Quercus alba Linnaeus. Common. 



Bur oak, Quercus macrocarpa Michaux. Most common oak. 



Red oak, Quercus rubra Linnaeus. Common. 



Scarlet oak, Quercus coccinea Muenchhausen. One or two trees sup- 

 posed to be of this species are in the Soldiers' Home grounds. 



Black oak, Quercus velutina Lamarck. Common. 



Slippery elm, TJlmus fulim. Michaux. Tolerably common. 



Elm, TJlmus americana Linnaeus. Common. 



Hackberry, Celtis occidentalis Linnaeus. Common on the lowlands. 



Red mulberry, Morus rubra Linnaeus. Not common. An occasional 

 native tree is found along the river. 



Prickly gooseberry, Ribes cynosbati Linnaeus. Tolerably common. 



Missouri gooseberry, Ribes gracile Michaux. Tolerably common. 



Wild black currant, Ribes lloridum L'Her. Not common. 



Sycamore, Platanus occidentalis Linnaeus. Common bottomland 

 form. 



Wild crab, Pyrus ioensis (Wood) Bailey. Common on the Iowa river 

 flood plains. 



Hawthorne, Crataegus sp. Undoubtedly several forms of hawthorne 

 are represented here. One or two dense thickets covering several acres 

 each existed along the Iowa river and the open pastures are filled with 

 them. These have been broken and deformed by cattle until no two 

 are alike. 



Black raspberry, Rubus occidentalis Linnaeus. Not common. 



Dewberry, Rubus villosus Alton. I found it only in the high, dry 

 openings on the oak ridges along the Iowa river. It probably occurs 

 in similar situations along other streams. 



Wild rose, Rosa blanda Alton. This was the common wild rose, al- 

 though others undoubtedly occur. 



Wild black cherry, Prunus serotina Ehrhart. Common. 



Choke cherry, PrunUs virginiana Linnaeus. Tolerably common. 



Wild red cherry, Prunus pennsylvanica Linnaeus. Xolerably com- 

 mon in the upland timbers, particularly at Clay Bluffs. 



Wild plum, Prunus americana Marshall. Common in small thickets 

 in the bottom lands. 



Kentucky coffee tree. Gymnocladus dioica Linnaeus. Common in the 

 river bottom. 



Honey locust, Gleditsia tricanthos Linnaeus. Common about Mar- 

 shalltown along Iowa river. 



False indigo, Amorpha frtUicosa Linnaeus. Common roadside shrub. 



Prickly ash, Xanthoxylum americanum Miller. Common. 



