30 



carrylnc: on the fishery which has at all times been acknowledged shall 

 be the plan upon which the fishery shall be carried on there," and that 

 *'it shall not be deviated fi-om by either party,-' — there need be no 

 inquiry into any other matter. The ''plan" of the "Bultow" had not 

 *'«f all times been, •acknovovcdgcd'^ in 1783, and it is therefore an aggres- 

 sion. 



The last com.plaint of the English colonists which I shall notice is, 

 that "the exclusive right of fishing exercised by the French from Cape 

 Ray to Cape John is a usurpation." The "declaration" just referred 

 to was fi-amed expressly that "the fishermen of the tv^^o nations may 

 not give cause for daily quarrels ;" and different fishing-grounds were 

 assigned to each, to accomplish an object so desirable to both. More- 

 over, the British ministry engaged to remove "the fixed settlements" 

 of their own people within the limits prescribed to the French, and 

 actually issued orders for the purpose soon after the conclusion of the 

 treaty. The intention was, I cannot doubt, that vessels of the two 

 flags should never pursue the cod on the same coasts ; and unless the 

 words quoted convey this meaning, they mean nothing. The expe- 

 rience of more than a century had shown that, under any other arrange- 

 ment, "daily quarrels" would be inevitable. [ submit, with deference, 

 that the interest of all parties imperatively requires that people of dif- 

 ferent origin, language, and religion, and of national prejudices almost 

 invincible, should be kepi apart. 



The French government wisely protect their fisheries by bounties — 

 wisely consider them of national importance.* Without its aid, they 



*[TKANSLAriON.3 



The National Assembly of France has passed a law of the following tenor relative to the 

 great inaritiine fisheries. — June 24th, yth and 22d July, 1851. 



Cap. I. — CoD-FisBERY, 



Fi-om tJie 1st January, 1852, to the 30th June, 1861, the bounties granted for the encourage 

 ment of the cod-lishery will be fixed as follows: 



1st. — Boaittg om. the outfit — 



Fifty francs p'r ni.'in t>f tlie crew employed at the fishery, either on the coast of Newfound- 

 land, at yt. Peter's and Miquelon, or on the Grand Bank, and possessing a dryiug-place. 



Fifty francs per man of the crew employed in the Iceland fishery, without a drying-place. 



Thirty francs per man of the crew employed at the fishery on the Grand Bank of Newfound- 

 land, and w itliont a drytug-place. 



FiftccN francs per man of the crew employed at the Dogger Bank fishery. 



2d. — IloKtittf an tlw. prodiire of the fislimj — 



Twenty francs jvjr metric quintal of ary codfish, the produce of the French fishery, to be 

 8hii)p«'(l, fitlicr (lin'ct from the fishing settlements or from tlie p<(rtK of France, for the markets 

 of tlte French ccWouies <ff America and India, or for the settlements on the west coast of 

 Africa, and other transatlantic countries — provided, always, that the fish be landed at a ])oix 

 where there is a French consul. 



Sixtetftt francs per metric quintal of dry codfish, the produce of the French fishery, shipped 

 cither direct from the fishing settlement's or from the ports of France, and destined for the 

 cftuntries of Europe and the foreign states on the shores of the Mediterranean, Sardinia and 

 Algeria being excepted. 



fcjixteen francs per metric quintal of dry codfish, the produce of the French fisherj', tliat 

 may be inip<»rfed into the French colonies of America and India, and other transatlantic conn- 

 trii's, when s;iid fish are exported from the ports of France without having been there landed. 



Twelve francs per metric quintal of dry codfish, the produce of the French fishery, shipped 

 for Sardinia and Algeria, ttithcr direct from the fishing settlements or from the poits of France. 



Twenty francs per metric quintal of the hard roe of codfish, the produce of the French fish- 

 ery, brought into France by their fishing-vessels* 



Note.—Ow kilogramme is equal to 2 lbs. 'i^ oz. ; 830^ lbs. equal io 1 quintal metrique, 

 (say metric quiutal.) 



