180 Memoir of the late John Wolley. 



those gentlemen he continued the remainder of the summer, 

 exploring the shores of the Waranger Fjord and lower district 

 of the Tana. They then proceeded by the coast to the Lyngen 

 Fjord, and crossed to Kilpisjarvi, at which famous lake boats 

 were waiting to take them to Muonioniska. After a month^s 

 delay here, principally enlivened by the discovery of some nests 

 of the Pine Grosbeak, the party returned to England by the 

 usual route. 



The winter of 1855-6 Wolley spent at home. In the fol- 

 lowing spring he set out with Mr. Simpson for the Baltic, and 

 passed the egging season chiefly in the island of CEland and 

 on the adjacent coast of Sweden. Mr. Simpson's principal suc- 

 cess in this expedition has been already recorded by him in the 

 pages of this Magazine (' Ibis,' 1859, p. 264), and in his narra- 

 tive of it he attributes to Wolley's suggestions the chief results. 

 Wolley himself was rather led away from living birds to pay 

 attention to the barrows, stone-circles, and other relics of a 

 former age with which (Eland in particular abounds, and he was 

 at much pains to examine many of the numerous sacrificial and 

 burial places in that island, and to collect organic remains from 

 them. While thus employed, he received a pressing invitation 

 from Prof. Retzius to go with him to the meeting of Scan- 

 dinavian naturalists then about to be held at Christiania, and 

 accordingly repaired thither, where he read three papers : — 1st, 

 "On the Recrystallization of Fallen Snow;" 2nd, ''On the 

 Swarm of Lemmings in Lapland in 1853, the Birds that accom- 

 panied it, and their Mode of Breeding ; " and, 3rd, " On the 

 Improvement of the Breed of the Reindeer." The meeting 

 over, he returned to Copenhagen, and thence went to Stock- 

 holm, on his way to Lapland. 



On his arrival at the Swedish capital, he received intelligence 

 of a very unexpected and almost unhoped-for discovery, made a 

 few weeks before by persons in his employment, — a discovery by 

 far the most interesting and important to ornithologists that 

 was destined to result from his labours. He hurried on to 

 Muonioniska to obtain the details, which he found to be of a 

 most satisfactory nature. The time may probably come when 

 oologists will have a difficalty in comprehending with what de- 



