124 F. W. PHILLIPS — NOTES ON THE 



material, whicli showed itself as several brilliant crimson globules 

 moving about in their bodies. The monads soon discovered that 

 carmine was not nutritious, and began to discharge it at the 

 posterior extremity, where this extremity joins the pedicle. The 

 rejected matter soon accumulated round the pedicle, and was 

 utilized as material for building it up and prolonging it. The 

 pedicle increased rapidly in length, the brownish colour disap- 

 pearing, and the newly-formed continuation of the stem being 

 composed entirely of carmine particles, agglutinated by some 

 material from the body of the monad ; in less than an hour the 

 length of the pedicle was doubled. 



The true nature of this most interesting animalcule was for a 

 long time mistaken. Pritchard confounds it with Uvella ; by 

 Kiitzing it was regarded as an aquatic fungus ; he considered the 

 branching stem to be the mycelium, and the clusters of monads to 

 be gonidia. 



"VVe next come to the sixth family, BilicBcidce. ; here all the ani- 

 malcules secrete horny loricse or sheaths. This family is divided 

 into three genera. The first is Hedrceophysa. This genus differs 

 from the one following in having no stalk to the lorica. Only a 

 single species is recorded [H. hullo), which was found by Mr. 

 Saville Kent attached to Confervse from sea-water collected at 

 St. Helicrs, Jersey. I have, however, recently found a fresh- 

 water species differing slightly from this. The animalcule was 

 attached to the lorica by a thread-like contractile ligament, or 

 footstalk, whereas in the former it simply rests in a sessile manner 

 at the base of the lorica; in my species the lorica was oval, but in 

 Mr. Kent's it is spherical. It was found in pond-water from 

 Broxbournebury. 



The second genus, Bicosceca, is principally marine ; one species, 

 B. lacicstris, I have found in water fi'om Brickendonbury. The 

 lorica and its supporting stalk are about equal in length ; there are 

 two flagella, one long and one short, the latter being difficult to 

 see without employing a very high magnifying power ; in the de- 

 scriptions of Stein, Biitschli, and Prof. H. James Clark it is not 

 shown. The animalcule, as in the former genus, is attached to the 

 lorica by a contractile ligament ; when it retreats within the lorica, 

 the long flagellum is thrown into an elegant spiral coil, reminding 

 one of the proboscis of a butterfly. 



In the third genus, Sti/lobri/on, the animalcules are social, and 

 are united to one another by slender independent foot- stalks, or 

 pedicles, which are produced within the cavity of the preceding 

 lorica. The lorica is of a wineglass shape, and the animalcules re- 

 semble the former genus in contour ; there is, however, one 

 important matter to be noticed. According to Mr. Saville Kent 

 they are identical with the species figured by Friedrich Stein in 

 his recently-published volume 'Der Organismus der Infusionthiere ' 

 (1878), under the name of Poteriodendron petiolatum, Avhich agrees 

 with Stylohryoti in nearly all particulars, but possesses a supple- 

 mentary membranous expansion, somewhat resembling the funnel- 



