18 C. REID — THE PALEOLITHIC 



SO of hard black loam with fresh-water shells and fragments of 

 Jurassic fossils derived from the Boulder Clay. As the quicksand 

 below could not be penetrated without the expenditure of more 

 time and money than could fairly be devoted to such unsatisfactory 

 work, the boring was then abandoned. 



In working out the material afterwards, it became evident that 

 from top to bottom the alluvial deposits below the Palaeolithic brick- 

 earth belonged to one series, the same plants occurring throughout. 

 "VVe have therefore only two deposits to deal with — a stony brick- 

 earth yielding little or nothing but Palaeolithic implements, and 

 a series of ancient alluvial deposits below full of plants and shells, 

 but, so far as known, without trace of man. The mammalian 

 remains all come, I am informed, from the whitish marly silt which 

 occurs locally immediately below the PalaDolithic brickearth. They 

 are mostly in Mr. "VY. Kansom's collection, and were determined by 

 Mr. Sanford. The remainder of the animals and plants, with the 

 exception of two species of moUusca, were obtained in the trial-pit 

 just described. For the determination of the fishes, I must thank 

 my colleague, Mr. E. T. Newton ; for the mosses, Mr. W. Mitten ; 

 and for the mollusca and flowering plants I am responsible. 



Mammals.'^ 

 Ursus ; Equus caballus, Linn. ; Ehinoceros ; Hippopotamus (a 

 waterworn bone) ; Cervus elaphus, Linn. ; Elephas primigenius, 

 Blumh. 



Fishes. 

 Perca fluviatilis, Lmn. ; Esox lucius, Linn. ; Leuciscus rutilus, 

 Linn. ; Leuciscus erythi'ophthalmus, Linn. ; Tinea vulgaris, Cuv. 



Insects. 

 Elytra of several genera of beetles, badly preserved ; Galls. 



Mollusca. 

 Helix pulchella, Milller ; Clausilia biplicata, Mont. ; Carychium 

 minimum. Mailer ; Planorbis albus, Muller ; Planorbis carinatus, 

 Milller (recorded by Mr. E. T. Newton) ; Planorbis complanatus, 

 Linn.; Planorbis nautileus, Linn.; Planorbis nitidus, Muller; 

 Planorbis spirorbis, Muller (found by Mr. A. S. Kennard) ; 

 Limnaea auricularia, Z/»w. ; Limnaea peregra, Muller ; Limnaca 

 stagnalis, Linn ; Velletia lacustris, Linn. ; Valvata piseinalis, 

 Muller ; Valvata cristata, Muller ; Bythinia Leachii, Shepp. ; 

 Bythinia tentaculata, Li^m. ; Pisidium pusillum, Gmel. ; Spha3rium 

 corneum, Linn. ; Anodonta. 



Floivering Plants. 

 Ranunculus aquatilis, Linn. ; Ranunculus sceleratus, Linn. ; 

 Ranunculus repens, Linn. ; Montia fontana, Linn. ; Prunus spinosa, 



* Mr. W. Ransom reports that since the lake deposit was visited by Mr. Reid 

 there have been found in it teeth and bones of Bos primigmius, of Ursus arctos, 

 and of two varieties of deer, associ.ated with flint-implements. — Ed. 



