100 KANSAS ACADEMY OF SCIENCE. 



one foot of limestone, fourteen feet of shale, seven feet friable lime- 

 stone, which is overlaid in places with a mass of excellently preserved 

 specimens of Streptorhyrichus crenistria, 13| feet of blue and yellow 

 shale, calcareous in places, three feet hard blue limestone, with a seam 

 six inches from the top. This stone I have designated the Emporia 

 blue. The six-inch top layer makes a good quality of flagstone, which 

 is extensively used in Emporia. Above this is four feet of slaty shale 

 and another hard blue limestone, agreeing paleontologically and litho- 

 logically with the one below. 



These stones, with a dip of sixty-five feet in four miles, pass under 

 the Cottonwood river at Soden's mill, one mile south of Emporia, and 

 are found in wells forty feet below the surface in the city; also in the 

 Neosho river, at Rinker's bridge, three miles northeast, and are exten- 

 sively quarried in section 14, township 20, range 12, and sections 6, 

 9, 30, and 31, in township 19, range 12, and section 12, township 19, 

 range 11, and near Olpe, Reading, and Salt creek. 



Above these stones is ten feet of shale, a twelve-inch limestone, 

 eight feet more shale, and a five-inch coal stratum, which is exposed 

 in the banks of Dry creek, three miles south of Emporia, and on 

 Coal creek, a few miles farther south, where it is three inches thicker, 

 and has been stripped for local consumption.- The forty feet of shale 

 which overlays the coal is quite variable in character, being car- 

 bonaceous in places; in others, sandy, calcareous, or argillaceous. A 

 very productive horizon of fossil flora lies near the top of this bed. 

 In the sandy portions good examples of drift bedding are often ex- 

 posed. A five-foot -sandstone near the top is separated from the Em- 

 poria system by five feet of buff shale. Overlying this, on the north 

 side of the river, is the Emporia system of limestones, composed of 

 five members from one to two feet in thickness, with intervening 

 shale beds from four to ten feet thick. This system is best exposed 

 in the ravines and hillsides sloping to the Neosho river just northwest 

 of Emporia, where, in some places, they have a local dip to the north 

 of fifty feet to the mile. 



South of the Cottonwood river the character of this system is ver> 

 different, being mainly a mass of fragmentary limestone five to eight 

 feet thick, with the crevices filled with clay. A good exposure of this 

 condition is found in the southeast quarter of section 29, township 19, 

 range 11. 



Above the Emporia system is twenty-seven feet of sandy shale and 

 sandstone with Myalina subquadratan&ax the top; then an eighteen- 

 inch siliceous limestone streaked with red, containing Pinna per- 

 anuta: then another sandy shale bed. forty-seven feet thick, which is 

 overlaid with ten inches of coal. 



