GEOLOGICAL PAPERS. 101 



This coal is exposed eight miles southwest of Madison, in Green- 

 wood county, and in Lyon county on the Verdigris river, section 34, 

 township 21, range 10; on Shaw creek, Rock creek, and Moon creek, 

 in the southwest part of the county; near Phenis mound in section 

 1, township 20, range 10; in Reservoir hill, near Emporia, near the 

 center of section 30, township 18, range 11; on Stillman creek, seven 

 miles north of Emporia, in section 4, township 18, range 12 ; in the 

 northeast corner of section 30, and west side of 33, township 17, range 

 12 ; two miles east of Admire, on One Hundred and Forty-two creek ; 

 and on Elm creek, in section 33, township 15, range 12. The thick- 

 ness of this coal varies but little in the entire distance that I have 

 traced it. It has been stripped for local trade in a number of places. 

 It burns well, but contains an excessive amount of ash — amounting to 

 over twenty per cent. The dumps where this coal is stripped always 

 contain many Myalina suhquadi'ata. The shales near this coal yield 

 small quantities of oil and gas in at least ten places in the county. 

 Overlying the coal is ten feet of sandy shale, one foot limestone 

 containing Myalina suhquadrata, eleven feet of sandy shale and 

 sandstone containing ripple-marks, eighteen inches limestone, fif- 

 teen feet shale, two feet limestone, fourteen feet shale, five feet 

 calcareous shale, seven feet shale with cone-in-cone structure, 

 ten inches limestone, ten feet shale with thin. coal seam, two feet lime- 

 stone, and forty-five feet of shale containing red sandstone in places, 

 which brings us to the Americus system, consisting of one foot lime- 

 stone which weathers to dry-hjne formation, eight feet shale, twenty- 

 one inches good building stone, containing many Fusulina of the 

 robust type, six feet shale, and a six-inch flag limestone. The shale 

 on either side of this stone contains an abundance of Fusulina. The 

 twenty-one-inch stone of this system, known as theAmericuslimestone, 

 is extensively quarried in the top of the hills south of Americus, and 

 near Allen. The top of Phenis mound, ten miles southwest of Em- 

 poria, altitude 1278 feet, is a few feet lower than the Americus stone, 

 which may be seen in the hills to the southwest. 



Above this is from eight to twenty-six feet of black, blue and 

 buif shale containing Retzia mormoni, Rhynconella sp.? and many 

 crinoid plates and stems, two feet blue limestone containing Fusu- 

 lina cylindrica and Productus semireticulatus, four feet calcareous 

 shale, eighteen inches Fusulina limestone, four feet shale, one foot 

 limestone containing Myalina subquadrata and Arclumcidaris spines, 

 ten feet nine inches shale, to a friable Fusulina limestone eight feet 

 thick, embracing a twelve-inch shale stratum. This stone is exposed in 

 the bluff at Elmdale mills. Chase county, and is level with the bridge 

 spanning the river at that place, thirty feet above the water. In the 



