GEOLOGICAL PAPERS. 



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thick, and has its upper surface much pitted from decomposition 

 where it comes in contact with the overlying bluish clay shale. The 

 next layer is also brown, of a thickness of eight 

 inches, and is much harder than any of the other 

 layers of the series. Where deeply covered, these 

 two layers merge into one. The third layer is a 

 bluish-gray stone, six inches thick, and has both 

 surfaces covered with a soft, light-colored coating, 

 the result of decomposition. The fourth and last 

 layer is a light blue stone eight inches thick. Its 

 under surface is studded with bumps or promi- 

 nences one to two or more inches high. The stone 

 is the purest in lime of any of the limestones of this 

 locality, and, with the layer above it, has, in an early 

 day, been burned for this product to a considerable 

 extent. 



Below this series of limestones there is another 

 stratum of dark blue shale (No. 4) thirty-three feet 

 eight inches thick. Near the top, a foot or two be- 

 low the overlying limestone, there is a thin seam of 

 flinty limestone (No. 5), from two to four inches 

 thick, which weathers into jDcrfectly rectangular 

 blocks. Both surfaces are remarkably smooth, and 

 it would make nice flagging stone if it only was 

 more plentiful. Near the base of the shale-bed 

 mentioned above there occurs a stratum of purplish 

 clay, which helps to identify the limestone at the 

 base of the shale-bed. This limestone (No. 3) 

 consists pf a variable number of layers. As meas- 

 ured in our section just above the bed of the creek, 

 it consists of eight inches of stone, underlain by 

 four inches of shale, separating it from the next 

 two underlying layers of limestone, each ten inches 

 in thickness. This series of limestones weathers 

 into cubical blocks, which form good material for 

 bridge abutments. 



Below this limestone (No. 3) are about twenty- 

 three feet of dark shale, with a seam of coal at its 

 base. This coal (No. 1) varies in thickness from 



No. 1 is a seam of coal about ten inches thick. No. 2 about twenty-tbree feet, No. 4, 

 thirty-one feet three inches, No. 6, two feet, and No. 8, eleven feet six inches, are dark- 

 blue shales. These shales are much lighter colored in some other places. No. 10 is a 

 yellowish shale, plant-bearing. No. 12 is the Eskndge shales. No. 3 is.a stratum of 

 Umestone twenty-eight inches. No. 5 is thin limestone, from tw9 to four inches. No. 7 

 is the Onkgl Hmestlne, twenty-six inches. No. 9 is limestone, eighteen inches. No. 11 

 is Neva limestone, from two to four feet. 



