204 KANSAS ACADEMY OP SCIENCE. 



197. Polygonatum biflorum, P. giganteum. Solomon's seal. Eastern Kansas. 



Astringent, demulcent, tonic, vulnerary. 



198. Polygonum amphibium, water tannin-plant; P. hartwrighti, tannin-plant ; 



P. hydropiper, water-pepper; P. persicaria, lady's thumb; P. puncatum, 

 smartweed. Some of these species are common everywhere in the state. 

 Antiseptic, diaphoretic, diuretic, emmenagogue, stimulant, vesicant. 



199. Polymnia uvedalia. Leaf cup. Southeastern Kansas. Aperient, sedative. 



200. Polypodium vulgare. Rock polypod. Eastern Kansas. Expectorant, pec- 



toral. 



201. Polytfenia nuttallii. Wild parsnip. General. Carminative, stimulant. 



Poisonous to cows. 



202. Populus monilifera. Cottonwood. General. Antipyretic, tonic. 



203. Portulaca oieracea. Purslane. Common, apparently native. Diuretic, re- 



frigerant. 

 20i. Potentilla canadensis. Cinquefoil. Eastern Kansas. Astringent, tonic. 

 Prinos (see Ilex). 



205. Prunus americana, plum; P. angustifolia, sandhill plum; P. chicasa, 



Chickasaw plum. General. Astringent, sedative, tonic — the bark. 



Nutritive — the fruit. 

 Prunus persica (see Amygdalus). 

 Prunus serotina, P. virginiana (see Cerasus). 



206. Psoralea argophylla, silvery leather- root; P. floribunda, P. tenuiflora, 



leather-root. General. Cathartic, nervine. 



207. Psoralea esculanta, P. hypoga?a. Indian breadroot. General. Esculent. 



208. Psoralea pedunculata. Samson's snakeroot. Central Kansas. 



209. Ptelea trifoliata. Hop tree, shrub trefoil. Eastern Kansas, Tonic. 



210. Pycnanthemum lanceolatum, basil; P. linifolium, P. pilosum, mountain 



mint. Eastern Kansas. Diaphoretic, emmenagogue, stimulant, tonic. 



211. Pyrus communis. Pear. Cultivated. Antipyretic, tonic — the bark. Escu- 



lent, nutritive — the fruit. 

 Pyrus malus (see Malus). 



212. Quercus alba, white oak; Q. aquatica, water oak; Q. coccinea, scarlet oak: 



Q. macrocarpa, bur oak; Q. palustris, swamp oak; Q. prinoides, chest- 

 nut oak; Q. stellata, post oak; Q. tinctoria, yellow oak. Eastern Kan- 

 sas. Astringent, tonic, colorant — the inner bark. 

 21.3. Ranunculus acris, blister cup; R. aquatilis, water crowfoot; R. repens, 

 creeping crowfoot; R. sceleratus, ditch crowfoot. Eastern Kansas. 

 Carminative, rubefacient, vesicant. 



214. Rhamnus lanceolata. Buckthorn. Eastern Kansas. Violent cathartic. 



215. Rheum rhaponticum. Rhubarb. Cultivated. Astringent, cathartic, es- 



culent, tonic. 



216. Rhus glabra, sumach; R. radicans, climbing ivy; R. trilobata, scented 



sumach. Eastern Kansas. Antiseptic, astringent, diuretic, refrigerant, 

 tonic, vesicant. 



217. Rhus toxicodendron. Poison oak. Southeastern Kansas. Diaphoretic, 



diuretic, hypnotic, rubefacient, stimulant, tetanic, vesicant. 



218. Ricinus communis. Castor-bean. Cultivated. Cathartic. 



219. Robinia pseudacacia. Black locust. Introduced. 



220. Rosalucida; R. setigera. Rose. Eastern Kansas. 



221. Rubus canadensis, blackberry ; R. strigosus, raspberry; R. trivialis, dew- 



berry; R, villosus, blackberry. Eastern Kansas and cultivated. Astrin- 

 gent, tonic, esculent. 



