Chemical and Physical Papers. 55 



about from 0.68 to 1.11 per cent of volatile ether extract, while the 

 minimum for a good sample of pepper should be at least 0.9 per 

 cent. As to crude fiber, there is an immense difference between 

 pepper hulls and true pepper. Pepper hulls yield from 21 to 32 

 per cent of crude fiber, while a Singapore pepper will yield but 

 from 3.5 to 6.2 per cent. The ash constituent of pepper hulls will 

 be from about 8 per cent to 18 per cent, and in exceptional 

 cases much more, while pure pepper will yield from about 1 per 

 cent (or in exceptional cases less) to 1.8 per cent. 



For a rapid determination of the quality of a spice, I would re- 

 port what was said in a former paper; "That a standard alcoholic 

 solution, diluted to a definite volume in water, sweetened or other- 

 wise, serves very well for the purpose of comparison, and for quickly 

 eliminating worthless material." 



Laboratory No. 3^83. Ground Cloves. — "Jupiter Brand." 



Ash 13.20% 



Total ether extract 8.31 



Nonvolatile ether extract 7. 58 



Volatile extract 73 



Soluble ash 11.89 



Insoluble ash 1.31 



Cofor of ash Red. 



Soluble ash composed partly of iron and alumina, showing flagrant adul- 

 teration. 



Laboratory No. SUSU. Ground Allspice. 



Ash 5.59% 



Total ether extract 5. 53 



Nonvolatile ether extract 4.87 



Volatile ether extract 65 



Laboratory No. 3lt82. GROUND Pepper. 



Ash 5.98% 



Total ether extract 8.26 



Nonvolatile ether extract 7. 80 



Volatile ether extract 46 



Laboratory No. 3531. Pure Powdered Cinnamon. 



Ash 4.17% 



Total ether extract 4.45 



Nonvolatile ether extract 2.97 



Volatile ether extract 1.48 



Laboratory No. 3533. Pure Powdered Mustard. 



Ash 5. 10 % 



Total ether extract 19. 55 



Nonvolatile ether extract 19.47 



Volatile ether extract 08 



Laboratory No. 3599. PuRE Powdered Black Pepper. 



Ash 6.38% 



Total ether extract 8.84 



Nonvolatile ether extract 8.34 



Volatile ether extract 50 



