Biological Papers. 281 



Order III. PHASCALES: The Sac Mosses. 



Plants very low, scarcely more than a mere bud upon a filiform pro- 

 thallium developed from a spore. Leaves clustered, soft and thin, 

 sometimes nerved. Flowers either synoecious, monoecious, or 

 pseudodioecious. Capsule globose, subsessile, or short-pediceled, 

 with a columella and a true foot, indehiscent (cleistocarpous) , the 

 spores escaping only upon its disintegration. 



Family 5. MiCROMlTRiACEiE: Micromitrium Family. 



26. Ephemerum spinulosum Bruch & Schimper. Moist clay 



ground, E. K. ; common. (S) 



Family 6. Phascace.e: Phascum Family. 



27. Phascum carniolicum Weber & Mohr. Sandy ground, and 



stones on the plains of W. K. (Lesquereux & James, 

 Mosses of N. A., p. 42.) 



28. Phascum cuspidatum Schreber. Dry soil, along fences, etc., 



E. K. ; occasional. (Eugene Rau, in Bulletin of Washburn 

 Laboratory of Natural History, i, p. 172. 



29. Pleuridium bolanderi Mueller. Damp ground, Saline county. 



(Renauld & Cardot, in Botanical Gazette, xvii, p. 82.) 



30. Microbryum floerkeanum Schimper. Sandy soil, Saline 



county; rare. (R. & C, Bot. Gaz., xiv, 91.) 



Family 7. Archidiace.e : Archidium family. 



31. Archidium hallii Austin. Reported from Saline county by 



Dr. Joseph Henry and listed by Miss Reed in Transactions 

 Kan. Acad. Sci., xiv, 164.) 



Order IV. BRYALES : The True Mosses. 



Plants (gametophytes) low and tufted, seldom exceeding 10 cm. high, 

 from a filiform prothallium. Leaves sessile and several-ranked, 

 consisting of a single layer of chlorophyllose polygonal areola?, with 

 a midnerve of elongated cells. Flowers inclosed in perichastial 

 leaves. Reproductive bodies terminal or lateral; archegones one 

 or several to a flower, each developing into a stalked spore-case or 

 capsule (sporophore) , which has a columella in its center, and de- 

 hisces transversely near the top, leaving a small lid (operculum) 

 like a little brownie cap, above. Mouth of the capsule (peristome) 

 usually provided with one or two rows of slender hygroscopic 

 teeth, either 4, 8, 16, 32 or 64 in the outer row; lid covered with 

 a calyptra, like a minute, long- pointed lamp-flame extinguisher. 

 There are two suborders according to whether the flowers (a) are 

 on the ends of the stem and branches {Acrocarpi) or (6) are in the 

 axils of the leaves {Pleurocarpi) . 



Suborder A. ACROCARPI : Capsules Terminal. 



Flowers terminal, becoming lateral by innovations from under the 

 flowers. 



Family 8. Dicranaceae : Dicranum Family. 



32. Astomum crispum Hampe. Sandy soil. Saline county. (R. & 



C, Bot. Gaz., xvii, 82.) 



