Biological Papers. 81 



186. Araucaria excelsa Robt, Brown. Araucaria; Norfolk Island Pine. 

 Occasional in private houses. 



187. Abies balsamea L. Balsam Fir. Rare in cultivation. 



188. Abies taxifolia Desfontaine. Silver Fir. Rare in cultivation. 



189. Tsuga canadensis Carriere. Hemlock. Rare in cultivation. At- 

 tempts have been made to establish timber tracts of this valuable tree, but 

 without success. 



190. Picea excelsa Link. Norway Spruce. Occasional in parks. Ap- 

 pears to do fairly well, though not so well as might be hoped. 



191. Picea mariana Sargent. Black Spruce. Occasional in cultivation. 



192. Picea pungens Engelmann. Blue Spruce. Does satisfactorily where 

 planted; grows vigorously and is very beautiful. 



193. Picea alba Link. White Spruce. Frequent in cultivation. 



194. Pinus echinata Miller. {P. mitis Michaux.) Yellow Pine. Natur- 

 alized in several counties of southeastern Kansas, and planted successfully 

 elsewhere to a small extent. May have once been native in Cherokee 

 county; but doubtful if it ever grew native more than ten miles from the 

 southeast corner. 



196. Pinus sylvestris L. Scotch Pine. Apparently becoming naturalized 

 in several places in eastern Kansas, adjacent to old Scotch plantations and 

 nurseries. Planted extensively over the state. 



197. Pinus austriaca Hoss. Austrian Pine. Extensively planted through- 

 out the state, equally with the Scotch pine. 



198. Pinus strobus L. White Pine. Does well after having become 

 established and able to send its spongioles down below the immediate effects 

 of too much sunshine and water. 



199. Pinus monticola Douglas, var. lati^olia Engelmann. Dwarf Moun- 

 tain Pine. Doing so well in cultivation that the trees bid fair to be standard 

 in height, not dwarf. 



Superphylum EBB. ANGIOSPERM^E. Angiosperms. 



Hidden-seed Carpellates. 



Endogenous or exogenous trees, shrubs, or herbs, with unisexual or bi- 

 sexual flowers, conspicuously provided with a foliaceous perianth. Pollen 

 {andros pores) each producing a tube. Sperms nonciliate and nonmotile. 

 Ovules (gynosporangia) concealed in an ovulary at or near the base of a 

 specially constructed seed-vessel, consisting of a folded and closed car- 

 pophyl or carpel. This ovulary is on the face side of the carpel and en- 

 tirely enclosed within it, but communicating with the outer world by a long, 

 tortuous passageway, ending in the stigma at the summit of the carpel. 



Phylum * V ANTHOPHYTA. Anthophytes. 

 Flowering Angiosperms. 

 Carpel a closed cavity formed by the uniting of the margins of a special- 

 ized leaf {carpophyl or carpel), thus forming a simple pistil, including 

 always an ovulary and whatever of style and stigma are present. Usually 

 several such leaves (carpels) are in a whorl, with their faces toward a 

 common center, forming a compound pistil or gynacium. The ovules 

 {gynosporangia) are borne on the inner surface of the carpel cavity (the 

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