Biological Papers. 143: 



OUTLINES FOR USE OF SYMBOLS. 



Characters possessing a more distinctive appearance than would 

 be presented by a decimal arrangement, even if such could be con- 

 veniently applied, have been selected for the symbols. The acces- 

 sion number, in Arabic figures, must precede everything for 

 designation of and reference to the original record, together with 

 its specific notes and detailed additions. 



First. For the first series of symbols, to indicate nature or gen- 

 eral classification of specimens, use Roman numerals as assigned 

 below. Consistency in the use of these symbols relates to all ac- 

 cessions alike. 



I. Mixed collection if not specified further, and to include invertebrates 



other than insects or their associated allies. 

 II. Dipteroidea: the flies and fleas. 



III. Lepidopteroidea: the butterflies and moths. 



IV. Hymenopteroidea: bees, wasps, ants, stinging parasites, and saw- 



flies. 



V. Coleopteroidea: beetles, weevils, and twisted- winged parasites. 



VI. Neuropteroidea: the inactive metomorphic nerve-winged insects. 



VII. Hemipteroidea: the true sucking bugs and lice. 



VIII. Orthopteroidea: the leathery-winged insects. 



IX. Platyptera: termites and mandibulate lice. 



X. Archiptera: the active metamorphic nerve-winged insects. 



XI. Aptera: wingless and nonmetamorphic insects. 



XII. Myriapoda: centipedes and thousand-legged worms. 



XIII. Arachnida: spiders, ticks, mites, and their near relatives. 



Second. For the second series of symbols to denote the separa- 

 tion of species for determination and investigation, use capital 

 letters. Species should be recorded by scientific names if known 

 at the time of assignment, but names may be learned later, since 

 they are not required for conducting observations when symbols 

 are need. 



The necessity of a considerable latitude in the application of 

 symbols in this series requires a different degree of fitness in com- 

 parison with the preceding and succeeding series, in so far that 

 the assignment of a letter to a species in one of the groups as deb- 

 ignated in the first series is made independent of the use of an 

 identical letter in another group, either in the same or separate ac- 

 cession. The letters can therefore be used in any group without 

 regard to another, but each character mast not be applied td more 

 than one species in the same accessional group. 



In case more characters than are offered in the alphabi^t 

 are needed for the designation of species in a group, the surplus 

 material may be assigned to a separate accession, and then as- 



