40 Kansas Academy of Science. 



Survey, informs me that similar deposits have been found 

 further east. This is as would be expected from our theory, 

 which may be briefly stated as follows : The ice advanced from 

 the northeast. From buried channels and general topography 

 it is inferred that there was a preglacial stream, probably 

 formed by the Platte river of Nebraska, running southeast 

 from the northwest corner of the state of Missouri and joined 

 to the Grande river. The ice coming from the northeast would 

 dam the Platte and pond it about the northeastern corner of 

 Kansas. As the waters rose they would find their way south- 

 ward across the divide, and as the ice moved further westward 

 one col after another would be occupied until the ice should 

 force it to find a higher one, or one that should be permanently 

 followed, and so predetermine the course of the Missouri at 

 that point. The bowlder deposit at Weston seems to represent 

 such a case. 



Another similar but less striking example has been noted a 

 mile west of Bethel, on the west half of sections 30 and 31, town- 

 ship 10 south, range 24 east. This apparently crossed the 

 divide between the Kansas and a former tributary of itself. It 

 is approximately on the same level as that near Weston. The 

 concavity of the stream bed indicates a width of about 40 yards. 



Both these channels are mainly filled by blocks of limestone 

 from ledges not far away, but mixed with them are perhaps one 

 percent of northern erratics, such as granite and red quartzite. 

 Both have for bedrock Carboniferous strata, and both are in 

 the till-covered region. 



The later drift-filled channels are more intimately connected 

 with the till. Some are either underlain or overlain by it, or 

 both. Others being beyond the limit of the till, may be more 

 free from it than those of the earlier channels. From the 

 nature of their relations these channels are not as readily 

 t^'aced. They probably exist in many places where they have 

 not yet been discovered. 



One of these drift-filled channels has been discovered east of 

 Seneca. The sand and gravel in it appears to be 20 or 25 feet 

 thick. It lies 60 to 80 feet above the present Nemaha, near by. 



Southwest of Sabetha a fev/ miles, and west three miles, are 

 other gravel beds of less thickness and of uncertain relation. 



So also along Walnut creek, near Padonia and east of 



