Semi-Centennial Volume. 137 



severe cases it causes the canes to crack. Foliage shows small leaf-spots. 



Orange Leaf Rust of Blackberry. Gyrnnoconia interstitialis (Schl.) 

 Lagh. This disease is found more or less every season. Attacks both 

 blackberry and raspberry. Whole plants may be destroyed. The orange- 

 colored rust spores crop out from the leaves and young shoots, which 

 are infected. 



Strawberry Leaf-spot. Mycosphserella fraganai (Schweinitz) Lin- 

 dau. Commonly found wherever these berries are grown. Causes small, 

 deep purple, or red spots, generally first observed on the upper surface 

 of the leaves. No particular damage results to the berry crop in this 

 state. 



Apple Blotch. Phyllosticta solitaria E. & E. This disease was present 

 in average amounts. Occurs in every county in the state where apples 

 are grown. Attacks the fruit, leaves and tvidgs. 



Apple Bitter Rot. Glomerella cingnlata (Stoneman) Sh. and von Sch. 

 This disease was present in very small quantities along the Missouri 

 border. 



Illinois or Apple Blister Canker. Nummularia discreta Tul. This 

 disease is by far the worst of any of the apple diseases in the state. 

 Most common in run-down orchards. Occurs in every county where 

 apples are grown extensively. Attacks only the woody parts of the tree 

 and is confined to limbs one inch or larger in diameter. 



Black Rot of Apple. Physalospora cydonia? Arnaud. This disease 

 occurs on fruit, foliage and limbs of the apple tree in Kansas. It is 

 most common on fruit that has already been injured mechanically or 

 through insect puncture. It is quite common on the foliage, where the 

 frog-eye markings are quite prominent. The cankers of black rot are 

 generally found where the wood has been injured by sun injury or other- 

 wise. Such cankers are a source of infection for a number of seasons. 



Apple Scab. Venturia ina.'qual,is (Cooke) Winter. This fungus was 

 less conspicuous in 1917 than in 1916. Its presence on fruit and foliage 

 was not very prominent, not even in unsprayed orchards. Climatic con- 

 ditions are not generally favorable for its development in this state. 



Spur Blight of Apples. Bacillus amylovorus (Burr.) Trev. There 

 was less spur blight of apples than usual the past season. Pear blight 

 was present in usual amounts. 



Blossom-end-rot of Apples. Altenmria sp. This disease was observed 

 for the first time the past season. The blossom-end of the apple turns 

 black, involving an area generally of one-half inch. The symptoms ap- 

 pear as though they could be caused by spray burn. Frequently small 

 radiating cracks go out from the blackened areas. Black rot was found 

 associated with this injury sometimes, but the cause of the primary in- 

 jury is not Pliysalospora cydoiiise Arnaud. An Alternuria may be the 

 primary cause, but this is not definitely known. 



Cedar Apple Rust. Gymnosporangium juniperi-inrginianA- Schw. 

 This fungus is present every season in regions where both the apples 

 and red cedar are grown. It is rather rare to find the fruit of the apple 

 affected in this state. The foliage of the apple tree is the only part of 

 the host attacked. 



