150 PEOF. W. H. JACKSON OX THE 



dilated at its origin, as in Euclidia glypliica and Fluski chrysltis (vou Siebokl, Archiv 

 fiir Anat. u. Physiol. 1837, p. 420) ; it is also tortuous in its course. It opens laterally 

 into the duct [d. b. c.) of the bursa copulatrix {h. <?.). In Danais ArcMppus {=Aiiosia 

 2)lexipptis) as described by Burgess (Anniv. Memoirs, Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 1880) it has 

 " near the middle a pear-shaped chamber, the spermatheca or sperm reservoir " (p. 12) ; 

 and according to von Siebold (loc. cit.) it has in Tortrices an appended pyriform vesicle. 

 The bursa is shown as collapsed, and its walls thrown into folds in this figure taken from 

 an unimpregnated female. Its duct is slightly dilated near the aperture, which is shown 

 on PI. XVI. fig. 25, ah.c. It will be seen from the same figure that the seventh 

 and eighth sterna are fused, and that the eighth sternum is much thickened and, 

 moreover, grooved ventrally. At the antei'ior end of the groove is an elliptical body, 

 which is glass-like and transparent. It is formed by a hyaline chitinous thickening 

 sliown in section on PI. XV. fig. 20, e, b, and guards the bursal aperture from below. 

 Owing to its exti"eme thickness it must, I imagine, act like a clip on the inti'omittent 

 organ of the male. The receptaculum seminis commences with a narrow portion, the 

 ductus semiualis [d.s.), followed by two irregular dilatations, the equivalent of the 

 capsula semiuis (c.s.). To the dilatations succeed in turn a slender tube or gland 

 {(jl., r.s.), which is much longer than the imago itself, and consequently is shown only at 

 its commencement. Von Siebold {op. cit. p. 420) states that the capsula is a dilatation 

 of the duct in Papilio Ifachaon and IIipp>archia (= Cmioni/mpha) pxmiphllus. In Pieris 

 hrassicce it is, as is usually the case, a j^yriform vesicle. It is absent in Danais Archippiis 

 {Anosia plexippiis) according to Burgess {op. cit. supra). The whole receptaculum is 

 called the " einhorniges Absonderungsorgan " by Herold, Avho regarded it as a gland. 

 Von Siebold, however, has found the capsule filled with sperm after coition {op. cit. 

 p. 419) *. The gland attached to the capsule is never absent, and in some instances 

 terminates in a fork (von Siebold, op. cit. p. 420), e. g. in Sj)hinx liffustri. The paired 

 posterior gland {s.gl.) is said by von Siebold {op. cit. p. 393) to secrete the substance that 

 coats the ova and glues them to some foreign body. He calls it a sebaceous gland. The 

 two tubular portions, or glands proper, are of immense length and tenuity, and their origins 

 only are drawn in the figure. The two vesicles in which they end are here confluent, 

 but in Pieris, as is usual, are completely separate ; they have always a common duct 

 leading to the azygos oviduct. The odoriferous glands are not universally present in 

 Lepidoj)tera. Von Siebold records their existence in Argynnis melitcea, Zygcena, &c. 

 {op. cit. p. 417, or 'Anatomy of Invertebrated Animals,' translated by Burnet, London 

 and Boston, 1854, p. 453, note 22). They are not figured by Herold in Pieris brassier, 

 and may not exist in that species. 



No explanation has yet been given as to how it comes about that there should be two 

 separate apertures to the female ducts of the Lepidoptera, though the existence of the 

 two apertures has been known from the days of Malpighi. De Lacaze-Duthiers lias 



* The complete nbseucc of the capsula in i)a7ifH's { — Anosia), as described by Burgess, might seem to militate 

 against Von Siebold's statement. It is no doubt replaced funetionallj- in this butterfly by the dilatation present 

 on the seminal canal, and termed by Burgess spermatheca. He does not, however, mention whether or not he 

 ever found it full of sperm. 



