408 ME. H. M. BEENARD ON THE 



{cf. text, p. 321, and PI. XXIX. figs. 1, a, U, c'). The beak (B) is seen in situ, the right 

 pedipalp having been removed. st, the strainer composed of bristles, joined together as 

 shown on PI. XXVIII. fig. 6. /, flabellum. 

 Fig. 12. Transverse section through a Galeodes (? Rhax) , showing the blind pockets of the cephalic 

 lobes (c/). m.ch, muscles of the chelicerse, which fill up the cephalic lobes, s, suture 

 between the cephalic lobes, e, endosternite, on which lie the elevator muscles of the 

 pedipalps, and the mid-gut. n, nerve-cords, eg, coxal glands, tr, trachea near the stigmata. 



13. The posterior end of a Rhax, showing the anal segment, as if surrounded by a large tergite. 



The anus, indicated by an asterisk, is quite ventral in this genus [cf. PI. XXIX. fig. 6). 



14. The ventral surface of the first three segments of a Solpuga. The beak seen from below. The 



chitinous plate (shaded) supporting the labium is seen to be a continuation of the fused 

 sternites between the coxse of the pedipalps {/rp) and of the 1st pair of legs (/;). st, the 

 strainer seen from below, as in horizontal section, br, the feathered bristles on the labium 

 {cf. fig. 11). sp, rigid sensory process on the coxse of the pedipalps. 



15. Ventral surface of a Galeodes, showing the meeting of the coxae in the middle line' along the 



whole length of the body, completely obliterating the sterna, with the exception of the plate 

 supporting the labium {cf. fig. 14) and the triangular piece between the last pair of legs. 

 The paired sternal areas of the abdominal segments are the remains of limbs which have 

 vanished, the coxae of which also met in the middle line {cf. text, p. 328, and PI. XXIX. 

 figs. 6-11). 5^^^, stigmatic aperture. Remains of sternites shaded, la, remains or traces 

 of abdominal appendages, go, genital operculum. 



16. The ventral surface of a Scorpio {Palaninmis) showing the approximation of the coxae and 



obliteration of the sterna in the first four segments. The true sternites (shaded) persist on 

 all the following segments, excepting where covered by the genital opercula or lost in the 

 specialization of the tail, la, the areas marking the former presence of appendages. 



17. The ventral surface of a Thelyphonus, showing the fusion of the coxae of the pedipalps {pp) ; 



the position of the beak is indicated by dotted lines. The sternal plate supporting the labium 

 persists, enclosed between the fused pedipalps {cf. sections, PI. XXVIII. fig. 14, Ir), and rujis 

 back to join the sternum of segment 3, which forms a fold under the anterior end of the 

 large sternite of segment 4. The limbs (/,) belonging to segment 3 have also been squeezed 

 out of the ventral surface, apparently by the enormous backward development of the coxae of 

 the pedipalps. A small oval sclerite indicates the sternite of segment 5, and sternite 6 is 

 well marked. On the abdomen the sternites persist, from that of segment ii. (covered by the 

 genital operculum, //o) to the commencement of the " tail " segments. Well-marked sternites 

 persist in segment 8, which in Scorpio forms part of the tail. 



18. The venti-al surface of Phrynus. The anterior prolongation of the sternum (sternites 1 and 2) 



is not squeezed up between the coxse of the pedipalps, but is forced downward by the 

 meeting of these coxae above it. The sternites of the three posterior cephalothoracic 

 segments are clear, but divided (? folded) into areas. The appendages forming the genital 

 opercula persist as the so-called " penis." 



Plate XXVIII. 



Fig. 1. Ventral surface of the cephalothorax of a young Epeirid just hatched and cleared in cedar-oil, 

 also showing areas marked off on the sternal plate as in Phrynus, the chief differences 

 being the absence of the median row of areas and the presence of the clearly- marked 

 sternum of the 3rd segment, which in the Pedipalpi is almost {Phrynus, PI. XXVII. fig. 18). 

 or quite {Thelyphonus, PI. XXVII. fig. 17) suppressed. 



