DE. T. S. COBBOLD OX THE PAEASITES OF ELEPHANTS. 229 



extremity, under which is situated the anus. This aperture is very distinctly seen 

 immediately underneath the tubercle ; and tbe vulva, which is not very conspicuous, 

 and is in the form of a narrow slit across the body, is situated immediately above the 

 tubercle." 



Seen in profile from the side, the observer cannot fail to remark upon the resemblance 

 which the tail of the female shows to the outline of a Chinese lady's foot ; the narrow 

 lower end of the body having the form of the ankle, and the so-called tubercle corre- 

 sponding with the heel (PL XXIII. figs. 6, 7). I made no special examination of the 

 internal anatomy of this species ; but so far as the transparency of the body permitted, 

 the arrangements seen by me corresponded with what Baird has stated to occur. " The 

 oesophagus is rather long, and terminates in a lobed stomach which extends for a short 

 distance and then ends in a straight intestinal canal running through the whole length 

 of the animal. The uterus is peculiar in form, and presents a very pretty appearance 

 under the microscope ; it is two-branched, and has during its length several expansions 

 or swellings followed by contractions. The ovaries are very long and twisted round the 

 intestine." 



In the course of his paper Dr. Baird calls special attention to the relative size of the 

 sexes, more particularly with the view of comparing the characters of this species with 

 those displayed by certain well-known Sclerostomata from the horse (S. armatum and 

 & tetracanthus) and other animals. In Baird' s specimens the males were longer than 

 tbe females — a circumstance which, as his remarks imply, is of most unusual occurrence. 

 There may have been some mistake here ; at all events, in my set of specimens the 

 females are longer than the males. Not improbably Dr. Baird's female worms were 

 immature. Another curious feature connected with the external anatomy of this species 

 related to the presence of certain markings beneath the skin. These appearances were 

 evidently seen by Dr. Baird, who, strange to say, refers them to the species which I shall 

 next descrihe. More than this, they are actually figured in one of his otherwise gene- 

 rally accurate woodcuts, and are held to be of value in reference to the identity of the 

 species. Thus, as will be seen, Dr. Baird has selected this very striking appearance as 

 affording sufficient grounds for the special nomenclature which he proposed for the 

 following species. Accordingly he has named that worm Sclerostoma clathratum, on 

 account of the clathrate or lattice-like markings which may be seen at or near the 

 surface of the body. Now, after a long study of this matter, I am obliged to conclude 

 that the enlarged figure of the head of the female worm given by Baird, in which the 

 appearances in question are represented by no means accurately, is not that of his 

 second new species, but really and truly a representation of the head of the species now 

 under consideration. If this surmise be correct, it might seem necessary to alter Baird's 

 nomenclature ; but although, in my view, the specific name applied by him is altogether 

 a misnomer, I propose to retain the nomenclature which, by some oversight, he con- 

 cluded to adopt. 



The appearances in question are very peculiar. They are not clue to external sculp- 

 turing, as Baird's figure would imply, but to the presence of an internal network, 

 limited, as I think, to the surfaces of the longitudinal muscles. Under low magnifying 



