301 MR. P. IT. GOSSE ON THE CLASPING-OPGANS 



what I have described and figured under that species, save that: — 1. its keel has no 

 minute point, but ends with a deep round thin edge ; 2. the double tooth, instead of 

 being followed by a flat black knob, has, in place of it, a second minute conical point, 

 and clusters of bristles. 



On my lifting the uncus till I broke it from the tegurnen, I could see, by means of a 

 lens, a distinct orifice. I studied it carefully, and am sure it was not a rent, but a true 

 organic orifice, tub alar, central in position, under the tegumen, with minute protrusile 

 lips, which merged into the sides of the scaphial groove. This surely was the anus. 



The keel, or " cutwater," runs olf, as I have just said, to an extremely thin vertical , 

 plate. This I suspect to be the seat of some special function ; for the terminal portion, 

 for a considerable width from the edge, well-defined, lias a peculiar surface, finely 

 granular, almost pilose, whereas the other parts of the surface are shining, white, smooth, 

 though plicate. 



I am again struck with the wonderfully close resemblance which the scaphium and J 

 the uncus together bear to a bird's skull and beak, with a mammalian lower jaw. 



The penis is of moderate size, pointing obliquely upward, with expanded lip, thin, 

 transparent, corrugated. It proceeds from the midst of a white fleshy veil *, which oc- 

 cupies the entire back of the genital cavity, formed by the dilated rami of the scaphiumf. 



Papilio Merope, Cram. (A. D. parthn.) (Plate XXIX. tigs. 20-23.) 



Valve subtrigonal, more or less regular ; furnished with a fringe of thick, close, and 

 fine hair-scales, of pale buff hue, which widens uniformly along each margin from 

 base to point. Internal cavity dark brown, smooth but not polished, and beset with a 

 few fine hairs. 



Harpe a thin and very narrow lamina running through the whole length, near the 

 ventral margin, and subparallel to it, affixed by its inferior edge, and leaning-over 

 towards the dorsal side. It terminates sometimes in a fine-drawn point, which even 

 extends beyond the limits of the valve, as far as the point of the fringe. At other times 

 the blade is rounded at the end, and of equal width throughout from its abrupt expan- 

 sion a little way above its base. The terminal third is free, and springs up at an 

 acute angle from the lining-membrane. The whole blade is serrated with minute teeth, 

 more than fifty in all, pointing backward. From the point where the stem dilates to 

 form the blade, a curious finger-like process is given out, which goes nearly across the 

 valve dorsally ; it is straight, cylindrical, obtuse, and unarmed. 



The uncus makes a curve of about a quadrant of a circle, ending in a very sharp spa 



* Equivalent (o the " curtain " of the Supplementary Note to Orniihoptera /A ////'.•-. p. 336, infra. 



t By a subsequent observation of 1'. Arcturus, made under unusual advantages of sun-light, I am able to supple- 

 ment (he above description, but unfortunately not in time to add some figures to Plate XXIX. The scaphium has 

 little resemblance to that of /'. Machaon or Zolicaon. It is a perfect boat in form, of what a sailor would call beautiful 

 "lines;" apparently quite empty, save for the two great round-bottomed feeth, one on each side, which take the ' 

 exact form of the boat-curve. The "cutwater" runs off in front straight and clean, its front edge sloping away 

 downwards ; though it is thin, it is immediately behind abruptly hollowed to a yet thinner lamina. The " gunwales " 

 of the boat expand amidship, much like those of a paddle-wheel .steamer (when viewed vertically from above), and 

 then descend to unite with the wall of the abdominal cavity. The great scaphial teeth arc stout upeurved spines, 

 studded sparsely -with minute hairs, while ridges behind and between them bear long, stout, erect bristles. 



