IN CERTAIN LEPIDOPTEEA. ,325 



rical. From the dorsal margin rises a wall-like ridge of shaggy surface and summit, 

 which inclines towards the concavity, curves around the point, and then ceases. From a 

 broad conical eminence at the base (the attachment to the basal knob) rises the harpe, 

 a plate of chitine nearly filling the concave floor, its ventral edge elevated into a ridge, 

 which curves in a semicircle to the dorsal wall ; the middle of this ridge is lengthened 

 into a long polished black curved spine, broad at its foot, becoming slender towards its 

 tip, which projects over the fringe of scales, just reaching its extremity. At first sight 

 the point of this spine appears simple ; but higher magnifying power shows that the 

 extreme point is flattened, and cut into four very minute transverse teeth, of which one 

 is longer and larger than the rest. 



The uncus is reduced to a small horizontal projection of the tegumen, bluntly pointed, 

 of polished brown chitine. the lateral rami rising considerably above the level of its 

 median ridge, the midst of which is studded with hair arching outwards. Depending 

 from it is a sufficiently ample scaphium, of which the two sides slope downward and out- 

 ward, and the keel descends from the angle. Xo distinct " double teeth " are developed. 

 The colour of this organ, usually white, was, in two examples examined, of a dull blackish 

 brown ; and the surface was shrivelled and corrugated, not symmetrically, and not alike in 

 the two examples. The penis is long and slender, slightly enlarged at the tip, black, 

 polished ; in one example it reached almost the edge of the valve-fringes when closed. 



Papilio Policknks, Cram. (Plate XXXIII. tig. 1.) 



The valce is one of the most aberrant that I have seen. It is parallel-sided, the end a 

 segment of a circle with a projecting point ; exteriorly it is very densely clad with long 

 scales and hairs, the dorsal half black, the ventral white, the colours abruptly divided. 

 The interior aspect is affected by this clothing; all up the ventral side the white furry 

 coat forms a projecting back-ground to the valve, increasing around the extremity, till it 

 becomes nearly half as long as the valve itself. But up the dorsal side the outline is 

 quite lost in close black hair, which, at this quarter of the end, becomes suddenly a thick 

 tuft longer than the valve. 



The harpe is very complex, aud hard to define, harder still to describe in words. Near 

 the tip there are three transverse rows of strong teeth : — first, one tooth at the very 

 edge, making the point, and another at its dorsal side; below a ridge runs across, 

 bearing six stout and prominent teeth ; and below this, from the dorsal margin, arches 

 out a thick arm bearing a sort of open hand or curved claw, of four fingers. All of these 

 stand up from the cavity, and project inward. Each ridge, moreover, sends down one or 

 more longitudinal ridges, more or less jutting into points. The whole constitutes a very 



I elaborate prehensile instrument, quite unique, so far as I have seen. 

 The uncus is also abnormal. It is very short, broad, rounded at the tip, with slight 

 curvature, of pale yellow chitine. I could not detect any sign of the scaphium ; but my 

 observation was unsatisfactory. 



Papllio Ucalegon, Hew. (A. D.) (Plate XXXIII. figs. 2, 3.) 



Valve very small, parallel-sided ; the extremity round, with a regular wart-like pro- 



