332 ME. P. H. GOSSE ON THE CLA SPING-OEGANS 



spine, reaching beyond the level of all the other organs, and the preputial (?) appanage 

 forming two ample parallel leaf-like expansions, greatly lengthened, situate on the dorsal 

 side (fig. 31). 



Professor TVcstwood, who figures this showy species in 'Arcana Entom.' i. pi. 3, mentions 

 the affinity shown by its larva and pupa with those of P. Polydorus, on the authority of 

 Horsfield and De Haan. And, what is much more curious and inexplicable, there is a 

 very close resemblance between all * these organs in P. Hector (including, notably, the 

 bent bristled expansions) and the corresponding organs in a great Asiatic Silk-moth 

 (Anthea Roylei). 



Claspixg-Orgaxs ix Butterflies or other Families. 



I subjoin a few notes made on species of other Families, chiefly the Pieridce, because 

 it is interesting to trace the gradual disappearance of a vanishing organ or set of 

 organs. 



Pieris. The valve of P. Autodice, of South America, a very charming microscopic 

 object, densely clad in its snow-white hair-scales, is essentially that of a Papilio. The 

 harpe is a thin sharp knife-edge, colourless, ulassy, running transversely across, not far 

 from the base, and rising into a broad tooth in the middle. The tegumen has the bird's 

 beak-form; but I see no development of a scaphium. The penis is large and prominent. 



The valve of P. Automate is much the same. A harpe runs obliquely from the base 

 to the upper part of the dorsal edge — a colourless glassy ridge, with a free point. The 

 valve, in both of these two species, is armed with a projecting semicircular hook on its 

 margin, at, or close to, the tip. 



In P. Papce the uncus is well developed ; but I find no trace of a harpe, nor any structure 

 corresponding to it or displacing it. 



P. Brass'icce possesses a well-formed valve, whose outline may be described as a circle 

 within the angle of two sides of a square, of which one is the base. The other side is the 

 ventral, which runs up with a stilf straight edge, and terminates in a hooked point. As 

 harpe, an acute spine of transparent chitine runs from the base nearly to the middle, 

 and then bends up toward the dorsal side. Herold takes no notice of this little glassy 

 rape. 



Callidryas. C. Eubule has a very curious valve, armed as elaborately, and as singularly, 

 as that of many a Papilio. Its outline is somewhat pear-shaped, having a large hook at 

 the extremity, and a broad shoulder on the dorsal side, each of which rises into an 

 upturned black chitinous tooth. Through the middle of the valve runs a wide and deep 

 depression, in which the floor is so thin as to be translucent. In the very centre there 

 is a curious, oblong, free body, of orange hue, studded with a score of erect, blunt, black 

 spines, equally thick throughout, looking like needles carelessly stuck in a pincushion, or, 

 like the shell of a sea-urchin ; it is connected, by a projecting arm, with the dorsal margin. 

 There is a beak-like uncus, little hooked, beneath which projects a conical scaphium, 



* Except the uncus. The form of the tegurncn in A. Roylei maybe imagined by supposing a normal uncus, only 

 with the terminal half divided into two divergent spines, and the interval between these tilled up, to a line stretched 

 from point to point, with a downy chitinous membrane, and then bent down. 



In Polydorus, these points remain bifurcate, as they are in the American Moon-moth (Aetias Luna). 



