r 469 ] 



XIX. Golfingia MacIntoshii, a new Sipunculid from the Coast of Scotland. By 

 E. Ray Lankester, M.A., LL.D., F.B.S., Jodrell Professor of Zoology in 

 University College, London, Fellow of Exeter College, Oxford. 



(Plates LV. & LVI.) 



Read 18th June, 1885. 



V\ HEN I was staving at St. Andrews last summer (1884) my friend Professor 

 Macintosh, knowing my interest in the class to which it belonged, very kindly presented 

 me with an exceedingly remarkable Gephyrsean which he had obtained ten years pre- 

 viously from a friend who had dredged it in St. Andrews Bay, south of Montrose, at a 

 depth of ten fathoms. 



The specimen was obviously something new, and was noteworthy, not only on account 

 of its external structural features, but on account of its large size. 



The anticipations, based on its external appearance, were justified by a dissection of 

 the specimen, which I carried out in the intervals of exercise with the club and ball 

 sacred to the classic "green" of St. Andrews; and I have accordingly ventured to dedi- 

 cate the new genus of Sipunculid worms indicated by this specimen to the local 

 goddess whose cult is historically associated with the most ancient of Scottish seats of 

 learning. " Golfingia " forms an appropriate parallel to the Scandinavian genus of 

 Echiurid Gephyraeans called " Hamingia" by Koren and Danielssen. 



External Features. — Golfingia, as exhibited in the spirit-preserved specimen before 

 dissection, presented the appearance drawn in PL LV. fig. 1. It measured five inches in 

 length, and consisted of a soft-walled cylinder of white silky surface, marked with dark 

 dots, as in Sipunculus punctatus. At either end of this soft-walled cylinder a hard dark 

 brown-coloured spout or smaller cylinder is observed. One of these is the "posterior 

 sclerite " or " scleropyge," the other is the " anterior sclerite " or " sclerorhynchus." In 

 the living state the proboscis or "introvert" which Golfingia possesses, like all other 

 Sipunculids, would issue from the sclerorhynchus in the way shown in fig. 2. Both 

 scleropyge and sclerorhynchus are modifications of peculiar structures occurring in 

 Aspidosiphon, and are found in the cylindrical form only in Golfingia. The sclero- 

 pyge is the same organ as the posterior " shield " of Aspidosiphon, whilst the sclerorhyn- 

 chus is represented by the anterior shield of Aspidosiphon and by the calcareous ring of 

 Cloeosiphon. 



The scleropyge is shown in figs. 3, 4, 5, so as to exhibit its surface-markings. Its walls 

 are very thick and quite inflexible. It probably was moved as though hinged to the soft 

 body, and was used in burrowing in sand. The body-cavity is continued into it, and the 

 nerve-cord extends more than halfway along it, giving off numerous nerve-filaments 

 (PL LVI. fig. 11). It is imperforate. The sclerorhynchus is similarly shown in figs. 0, 7, 8. 



SECOND SERIES. — ZOOLOGY, VOL. II. 71 



