50 Dli. T. DAVIDSON ON EECENT BEACHIOPODA. 



Terebrafula Gaudichaudi, Blainville, Diet. Sci. Nat. 1824. 



Terebratula globosa, Anton, Verzeichniss der Couchylien, p. 23, 1839. 



Terebratula eximia, Philippi, Kiister, Conch.-Cab. vol. vii. p. 39, pi. 2. figs. 9 & 10, 1843. 



Terebratula Fontaineana, d'Orbigny, Voy. Amer. Merid. vol. v. p. 675, pi. 85. figs. 30 & 31, 1847. 



Terebratula {Waldheiinia) ylobosa, Heeve, " Mouogr. of Terebratula," Conch. Icon. pi. ii. fig. 3, 1860, 

 and pi. vi., 1861. 



Terebratula {Waldheimia) globosa, Reeve, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. vol. vii. p. 173, 1861. 



Terebratula [Waldheimia) dilutata, Reeve, Conch. Icon. pi. vi. fig. 2, 1861. 



Terebratula physema, Valenciennes, MS. ; Reeve, Conch. Icon. pi. vi. fig. 23, 1861. 



Waldheimia venosa, Davidson, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 3i'd ser. vol. viii. p. 36, 1861. 



Terebratula venosa, Cunningham, Voyage o£ H.M.S. Nassau, Trans. Linn. iSoc. vol. xxvii. p. 488, 1871. 



Waldheimia venosa, Dall, Amer. Journ. of Conch, vol. vi. p. 109, 1870, and Proc. Acad. Sci. Phila- 

 delphia, p. 182, 1872. 



Shell large, longitudinally oval, ovately globose, widest about tlie middle, longer than 

 wide. Dorsal valve convex, with a shallow flattened longitudinal depression or sinus 

 along the middle, commencing at about half the length of the valve and extending to 

 the front. Ventral valve a little more convex than the opposite one, with a slightly 

 produced and flattened mesial fold commencing near the beak and extending to the 

 front ; beak moderately incurved and truncated by a rather large circular foramen, with 

 thickened margin and completed anteriorly by a deltidium in two pieces ; beak-ridges 

 sharply defined. Surface of valves smooth, marked only by concentric lines of growth. 

 Shell-structure punctate. Colour light olive-horny. Loop long and reflected ; cardinal 

 process and hinge-plate large. Under the hinge-plate a rather strong mesial septum 

 extends to a third or a little more of the length of the valve, and on either side on the 

 bottom of the shell are situated the adductor and other muscular scars. Length 3 inches 

 2 lines, breadth 2 inches 8 lines, depth 2 inches. 



Sab. Tierra del Fuego ; Falkland Islands (Dixon) ; Port William, Falkland Islands 

 (B. J. Sulivan) ; Coquimbo ; off Cape Possession in about 15 fathoms ; Port Famine 

 (Cunningham). 



Obs. This is the largest recent Brachiopod at present knov\^n, and its history has been 

 somewhat confused. It was, however, well described and figured in 1789 by Captain 

 George Dixou, who says, at p. 356 of his work ' A Voyage round the World ' : — "At Falk- 

 land Islands we met with a curious kind of shell of the Anomia genus of Linnaeus, of 

 which, though the species are numerous in a fossil state in most parts of the world, few 

 have been discovered recent, or fresh from the sea. Only one of this sort was before 

 known in Europe, which was brought over by my late worthy commander, the much 

 regretted Captain Cook, in his first voyage round the world. It was in the Portland 

 Museum, and was named by the late celebrated Dr. Solander, in his MSS. description of 

 the shells of that splendid cabinet, Anomia venosa ; the specimen is now in the 

 collection of Mr. Calonne, of London. This kind (as do all that are propei'ly of this 

 genus) adheres to coral rocks by a ligament that comes from the animal through the 

 hole in the larger valve. The internal structure peculiar to the shells of this genus 

 is very singular, and consists of two testaceous rays, which commence near the 

 hinge in the lesser valve, where they adhere ; from w hence, leaving the shell, they 



