DE. T. DAVIDSON ON RECENT BEACHIOPODA. 51 



proceed to ncai' the edge, then bend towards the other valve, and turn back to their 

 commencement, where they nnite. This internal part is very delicate, and breaks upon 

 the smallest touch, but is thicker in the parts nearest to the large valve. The shell takes 

 its name from certain parts of the animal, which run in a branched form along the inside 

 of the shell, which being held to a strong light, or a candle, gives a beautiful veined 

 appearance. The outside is smooth and of a pale brown colour. The specimen from 

 which the engraving was made, is in the private collection of Mr. George Humphrey, 

 dealer in natural curiosities, London " (Plate VIII. fig. 1). 



In 1819 Valenciennes briefly described the same species by the name of Terehratula 

 globosa, referring at the same time to plate 239, fig. 2, of the ' Encyclopedic M6thodique ' 

 for a figure of his species. The figure in the ' Encyclopedic ' is not well drawn ; but the 

 specimen from which it was taken is in the collection of the Jardin des Plantes, and was 

 lent by M. Valenciennes to Lovell Reeve, who gave a good figure in plate vi. fig, 3 of his 

 ' Monograph of Terehratula ' in 1861. In 184<3 the same species received the name of 

 T. eximla from Philippi and Kiister ; that of T. Fontaiueana from d'Orbigny, and to a 

 large specimen of the same form in the collection of the Jardin des Plantes, measurin"- 

 2^ inches in length, M. Valenciennes gave the MS. naxaeoi physema. Under this name 

 it is also described and figured by Reeve in his ' Monograph of Terebratnla ' in 1861. The 

 specimen was brought from Coquimbo by M. Gaudichand in 1833 (Plate VIII. fig. 6). In 

 his description of this specimen Mr. L. Reeve observes that " It would be satisfactorv if 

 the species could l)e confirmed by the discovery of further specimens. It is intermediate 

 in its characters between T. dllatata and T. globosa, inclining I'ather to the latter species, 

 of which it may prove to be a colossal broadly inflated variety," and this I have no doubt 

 it is. 



It was Valenciennes, however, who descril^ed and gave the names to all the recent 

 Brachiopoda published in 1819 in the ' Animaux sans Vertebres ' of Lamarck, that 

 celebrated zoologist having unfortunately lost his sight at that period. 



I am quite convinced, after the inspection of the original specimen and figure of 

 T. dilatatu, Val., as well as from Reeve's figures in plate vi. fig. 2 of his ' Monograph ' 

 (the type having been lent to him by M. Valenciennes out of the collection of the Jardin 

 des Plantes), that it is only a smaller and more transverse form of Waldheimia veuosa. 

 Several other specimens of the same form which have also passed through my hands 

 have tended to confirm this view, which had already been expressed by Mr. W. H, Dall 

 in his memoir published in the 'American Journal of Conchology,' vol. vi. p. 109, 

 where he notes also that the T. Gaudichamli of Blainville is another synonym of 

 W. venosa. In a paper I published in the 'Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist.' for August 1867, 

 I described and figured the largest example of TF. venosa that had been discovered, which 

 had been dredged in 1843 or 1814 by Rear-Admiral B. J. Sulivan at Falkland Islands, 

 in the same locality whence the type of the species had been procured by Dixon. 

 Admiral Sulivan informed me, when lending me his specimen, that the depth at which 

 the animal lived was from 6 to 7 fathoms, the bottom on which the shell lay being a 

 compact quartzose sand only, as no mud ever came up with the dredge, although a 

 stiflf muddy clay underlies the sand, on which anchors hold very firmly. 



7* 



