DE. T. DAVIDSON ON EECENT BEACHIOPODA. 119 



A glance at the figiu-cs will likewise assist in understanding the characters often hetter 

 than verbal description. 



69. Kratjssina etjbra, Pallas, sp. (Plate XX. figs. 19-23.) 



Anomia Rubicunda, Solander, MS. (accordiug to Donovan, Naturahst's Repository, ii. pi. Ivi., not of 

 Sowerby) . 



Anomia rubra, Pallas, IMisc. Zool. p. 183, pi. xiv. figs. 2-11, 1766. 



Anomia striata promontorii bona: spei, Chemnitz, Ncucs systematisehes Conchylien-Cabinet, vol. viii. 

 p. 94, tab. Ixx^-ii. fig. 103 b, c, 178.5. 



Anomia capensis, Gmclin, ed. Linne's Syst. Nat. vol. i. p. .3347, 1788. 



Terebratula capensis, Bruguiere, Encycl. Meth. pi. 243. figs. 4-9, 1789; Dillwyn, A Dcser. Cat. of 

 Recent Shells, p. 292, 1817. 



Terebratula ruhicunda, Donovan (not of Sowerby), The Naturalist's Repository, vol. ii. pi. Ivi. figs. 2, 

 3,4,1824. 



Terebratula rubra, Blainville, Diet. Sci. Nat. vol. liii. p. 138, 1828. 



Terebratula capensis, Kiister, Martini & Chemnitz, Coneh.-Cab. p. 32, pi. 3. figs. 15-17, 1813; Krauss, 

 Siidafr. Moll. p. 32, pi. ii. fig. 10, 1848 (not T. capensis, Adams & Reeve, Voy. H.IM.S. ' Samarang,' 

 p. 71, pi. xxi. fig. 4, 1850). 



Kraiissia rubra, Davidson, Sketch of a Classification of the Recent Brachiopoda, Ann. & Mag. Nat. 

 Hist. 2nd ser. vol. ix. p. 370, 1852 ; Woodward & Gray, Cat. of the Brachiopoda iu the Brit. Mus. 

 p. 109, 1853; Davidson, Brit. Foss. Brach. vol. i. Introduction, p. 09, pi. vi. fig. 28, 1853; Woodward, 

 A Manual of Mollusca, p. 219, 1856. 



Kraussina rubra, E. Suess, Ueber die Wohnsitze der Brachiopoden, Sitzungsb. k. Akad. der Wissensch. 

 Wien, Bd. xxvii. p. 210, 1859 ; Davidson, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 3rd ser. vol. viii. p. 39, 1861. 



Terebratula {Kraussia) rubra. Reeve, Conch. Icon., Monogr. Tereb. pi. ix. fig. 37, 1861, and Ann. & 

 Mag. Nat. Hist. 3rd ser. vol. vii. p. 181, 1861. 



Kraussia rubra, Chem. Man. de Conchyl. vol. ii. p. 2056, 1862. 



Kraussina rubra, Dall, Amer. Journ. of Conch, vol. vi. p. 138, 1870 ; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila- 

 delphia, p. 190, 1873; Zittel, Handbuch der Palaontologie, p. 708, 1880; E. E. Deslongchamps, 

 fitudes critiques sur des Brachiopodes nouveaux ou peu connus, pp. 121, 259, pi. xix. fig. 7, 1884. 



Shell subch-cular, either as broad as long or a little broader than long ; hinge-line 

 nearly straight, rather shorter than the breadth of the shell, with rounded corners. 

 Dorsal valve semicii'cnlar, uniformly convex, with or without an extremely slight 

 depression near the front. Ventral valve deeper and more convex than the dorsal 

 one; beak slightly incurved, and truncated by a very large, incomplete foramen, 

 margined anteriorly by the umbo of the opposite valve, and by two very small deltidial 

 plates ; beak-ridges sharply defined, leaving between them and the hinge-line a flattened 

 false area. External surface of valves marked with numerous radiating ribs, increasing 

 in number by bifurcation and by the interpolation of shorter ones. Surface of valves 

 crossed by concentric lines of growth. Shell-structui'e punctate. Colour yellowish red, 

 more intense coral- red mainly on the radiating riljs and at the concentric lines of 

 growth. Length 1 inch, breadth 1 inch 1 line, depth 7 lines. 



In the interior of the dorsal valve the hinge-plate is widely divided, and between the 

 lateral portions are two large eye-shaped depressions due to the peduncle-muscles ; between 

 these last a slightly raised mesial septum begins, and extends to about half the length of 



