192 DR. T. DAVIDSON ON EECENT BRACHIOPODA. 



Ols. This appears to be a distinct species, remarkable on account of the large size 

 and projection of its adductor scars, which remind us of those described and figured 

 by P. W. Hoeninghaus in the Tertiary Crania abnormis of Def ranee. 



Crania japonica was briefly described, but not figured, by A. Adams in 1863. I 

 figured in 1871 the type specimen presented to me by its discoverer. 



106. Ckania Suessii, L. Reeve. (Plate XXVII. fig. 13.) 



Crania Suessii, L. Reeve, Conch. Icon., Monogr. of Crania, pi. 1. fig. 2, 1862; Dall, Amer. Journ. of 

 Conch, vol. vii. p. 73, 1871 ; Bull. Mus. Corap. Zool. Harvard, p. 32, 1871 ; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 

 Philadelphia, p. 199, 1873. 



"Shell sub-orbicular, somewhat truncately squared on the posterior side, posterior 

 scars ovate, oblique, rostellum large, callous, anterior rim thickened, granulated ; upper 

 valve rather solid, rough, faintly tinged with orange-red, internal posterior scars 

 narrowly ovate, obliquely flowing together. 



" Hab. Sydney (Strange). 



" Obs. Of this interesting Australian Crania Mr. Cuming possesses five specimens, 

 collected by Mr. Strange at Sydney. It comes very near to the West-African species 

 which has been assigned to C. rostrata of Hojniughaus, but it is of a more convex and 

 roughly solid growth ; and the diff'erence of habitat leaves no room for doubt on the 

 subject. The internal posterior scars of the lower valve are obliquely ovate and 

 somewhat isolated, while in the upper valve they are narrow and callously raised. The 

 rostellum is large and prominent. Another character is the delicate tinge of orange-red 

 on the outer surface, qu.ite diflferent to the red stained colouring of the European 

 species." — L. Reeve. 



I have reproduced Mr. Lovel Reeve's descriptions and figures of this species, as I know 

 so little of it. Mr. John Brazier, of Sydney, informs me that he has neither found nor 

 seen a specimen in Australia ; the above reference to Sydney therefore seems doubtful, 

 furthermore, if found by Strange in Australia, it would probably be at Moreton Bay, a 

 locality in which he collected extensively. 



Family DISCINID/E, Gray, 1840. 



Genus DISCINA, Lamarck, 1810. 



Type Discina ostreoides (Rang)= Cr««i« striata (Schumacher). 



Eor many years the recent species of this family were classed with Orbicula. In 

 1825, in the ' Annals of Philosophy,' Dr. Gray pointed out that Orbicula was a 

 synonym of Crania, and that it Avas necessary to adojit Lamarck's excellent genus 

 Discina, a view now generally admitted. In his ' Revision ' of the Craniidse and 

 Discinidse published by Mr. W. H. Dall in the ' Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative 

 Zoology, Harvard,' vol. iii. p. 37, 1871, the author proposes to divide the recent species 

 into two subgeneric groups as follows : — 



Genus DISCINA, Lamarck. Type D. striata, Schumacher, sp., 1817. 



Subgenus Discina, sensu stricto. Slicll with subequal externally convex valves, with, subcentral 

 apices. Lower valve with a small subtriangular longitudinal septum or prominence in the centre, 



