EEV. A. E. EATOX ON EECENT EPHEMEEID.E OR MAYFLIES. 45 



middle ; second joint compressed, dilated distally, pilose outside, and on the inner side 

 strongly bearded before the tip. Lobes of labium small, approximated to each other 

 above. Tongue small, the median lobe subquadrate, obtusely prominent in the middle 

 of its front edge ; paraglossa> rounded, pilose. Fore leg short and strong, bearded and 

 minutely tuberculated beneath the femur at the base, and at the back of the tibia; tlie 

 tibia with a strongly circumscribed line of oblique spreading beard near its base outside, 

 two rows of tubercles behind, and a single series of erect tactile hairs in front. Hinder 

 legs slightly pubescent, but shortly pilose at the upper extremity of the femur, in front 

 of the tibia, and on the dorsum of the tarsus. The nymph sometimes divaricates the 

 outer setae, and then their tips are bent so as to point behind. When the subimago 

 alights to moult, the slough is cast off completely in about | of a minute, the insect 

 standing upon its four hinder legs, holding its fore legs apart off the ground, and its setjB 

 a little apart from one another. 



Distribution. Middle continental Europe southwards to N. Africa; In do-Malay 

 Eegion ; S. Africa ; N. America, from Canada (Niagara) to New Orleans. 



Type. P. virgo (in EpI/emera), 01. 



Etymolor/y. ttoXv^htoc and apKvc, from the closeness of the reticulation of the wings. 



PoLYMiTARCTS VIRGO, 01. Plate VI. 10 a ( c? , head, legs, forceps, wings adult ; fore leg 

 subim.). 



Hemerobius, Epheinerum, S^c; Glut., Opusc. ii. title-page (woodcut) and pp. 61, 87, 90 (1634) ; Mey., 

 in Godart's Metamorph. et Hist. Nat. lus. i. Append, pp. 193-200 (1G62) ; Blegny, Temple d'Esculape, 

 An. 2", p. 188 (1680) ; Targ.-Tozz., Let. sopr. una numcros. sp. dei Farfalle vedut. in Firenze -sulla 

 metil di Luglio, pp. 32, froutisp. figs. 1-5 (1711) ; Reaum., Mem. pour scrv. h Thist. dcs Ins. vi. 457-522, 

 pis. xlii.-xliv. (1742) ; Sclijef., 'Das fliegende Uferaas oder der Haft,' &c., p. 34 (1757) ; idem, reprinted 

 in Abhandl. von Ins. iii. 30, pi. i. (1779) ; idem, Ic. Ins. Ratisb. ii. pi. clxxv. 1-3 (1776). 



EpJiemera virgo, 01., Enc. Meth. vi. 419 (1791) ; Lat., II. N. xiii. 98 (1805) ; idem, Nouv. Diet. H. N. 

 X. pi. xix. 5 (1847).— ?£. marocana, Fab., Ent. Syst. emend, iii. pars i. 69 (1793). — +£. lutea, Seetzen, 

 in Meyer's Magaz. f. d. Thiergeseh. i. 41-3 (1794) ; Pz. in Exijlic. Scliref. Ic. clxxv. (1804).— J^;. albi- 

 pennis, Voigt, Lelirbuch d. Zool. v. 309-11 (1840); Blanch., II. N. Ins. iii. 54, pi. iii. 1 (1840) ; Ramb., 

 N(5vrop. 296 (1842). 



Palingenia Xlioraria, Burm., Handb. Bd. ii. Abth. ii. 802 (1839) ; idem, in D' Alton. Zeit. f. Zool. &c. 

 i. xiv. pp. 109-12, t. i. 1-12 (1848) ; Hag., Stet. ent. Zeit. xxvi. 229 (1865); Leunis, Synop. d. Natur- 

 gesch. d. Thierreicbs &c. ed. ii. p. 635 (1860) ; Loew, Verb, zool.-bot. Gesellsch. Wien, xvi. 947 (1866).— 

 P. Virgo, Pict., Nat. Hist. Nevropt. ii. Epbem. 141, pi. ix.-xi. 3 (1843-5); A. & G. B. Villa, in Eeono- 

 mista,p. 1-6, illustrat. (1847, November) ; Walk., List of Neuropt. Ins. in Brit. Mus. part iii. 547 (1853) ; 

 Letzner, in Arbeit, sehles. Gesellsch. p. 101 (1854) ; Brau., Neuropt. Aust. 25 (1857) ; Karsch, Die 

 Insectenwelt, v. 100-1 (1863) ; Oulian., Neuropt. &c. of Moscow, p. 26 (1867) ; Ausserer, Annuar. d. Soc. 

 Natur. Modena, An. iv. 132 (1869) ; N. Joly, Me'm. Acad. Sc. Inscript. Belles-Let. Toulouse (7), iii. 

 379-386 [development] (1871, Sept.); ditto, Ann. Sc. Nat. (5), xv. Art. x. pgs. 5 (1871-2); ditto, 

 Compt. Rend. Ixxxi. 809 (1875) ; ditto, Robin's Journ. Anat. and Physiol, xii. 486-95, pis. i.-ii. (1876, 

 Sept.); ditto, Rev. Sc. Nat. Montpellier, v. 305-330 (1876, Dec.); ditto, Bull. Soc. d'Et. Sc. d'Augers, 

 1874-5, p. 40, note a (1876) ; idem, Compt. Rend. Ixxxiii. 809 (1877) ; ditto (translated), Ann. & Mag. 

 Nat. Hist. (4), xix. 193-5 (1877); idem, Mem. Acad. Sc. Inscript. & Belles-Let. Toulouse (separate), 

 10 pgs. pis. i.-ii. [development] (1878) ; idem. Bull. Soc. d'Et. Sc. d'Angers, 1878-9, p. 171 (1880). 



