Eighteenth annual Meeting. 



At this point (the quarry), the bluffs on the opposite side of the river are within 

 half a mile apparently with a dip in a different if not opposite direction. In a valley 

 beyond these bluffs is the outcrop of a ledge of limestone whose position is most 

 easily explicable on the supposition that there is here a fault, an absolute disloca- 

 tion of strata with considerable vertical displacement, but it will need further exam- 

 ination to verify this. 



At Neodesha, near the mill, there is a fracture which gives a displacement which 

 cannot be less than thirty vertical feet; how much more, remains to be proved. Its 

 direction also will have to be determined by future exploration. There is very little 

 dip to be seen on either side of the fault in the exposure examined, but it may be 

 that that is owing to local direction of the strike. The diagram on the following page 

 illustrates this fault. 



In the neighborhood of the mound near New Albany there are also indications of 

 displaced strata, and there is a well in the district from which has escaped a consid- 

 erable amount of gas, which would be expected in a faulted region of the coal meas- 

 ures. 



The massive sandstone of Fall River, eighty-five feet thick, produces now much 

 valuable building-stone, and may be expected to yield still more with further exam- 

 ination of the large area of its outcrop. This is also true of the Neodesha sandstone, 

 which, near the fault described above, has some of its mass as hard as and of the 

 texture of quartzite. Salt (brine) also is found in connection with the former layer. 

 The identification of these strata across the divides into the valleys of the Verdigris 

 and Neosho would be of practical value, as they appear to be persistently definite 

 horizons for considerable distances. The immense bed we have called the Dun 

 limestone is probably the same as the thick Humboldt limestone of the Neosho valley. 

 It has the same irregularity of structure and apparently the same fossils. In one 

 district southeast of Fredonia it yields the finest crinoids hitherto obtained in the 

 coal measures of Kansas. 



The writer cannot forbear expressing the wish that the Academy should under- 

 take the work of making a section of the valley of the Fall river, as it appears to 

 be the steepest and deepest in the State, Neodesha being nearly one hundred feet 

 lower than Oswego in the valley of the Neosho; and the headwaters on the confines 

 of Butler and Greenwood counties come from an elevation of about 1,600 feet, where 

 the Flint Hills culminate. 



In closing this paper we will call attention to the sections which accompany it, 

 and here record our sense of personal obligation to Mr. Edwin Walters, of Greenwood 

 county, whose careful surveys with instruments of precision formed the starting- 

 point of the writer's observations; also, for valuable aid, to the Hon. C. J. Butin, of 

 Fredonia. 



