52 KANSAS ACADEMY OF SCIENCE. 



Juro-triassic, from 98° to 101° longitude, south of the Arkansas river. 



Cretaceous — three groups, across the State. 



Tertiary grit — Miocene, west half of State, mostly on the edge of high prairie 

 and the upper slopes of valleys. 



Tertiary marl — Pliocene, west half of the State, mostly on the high prairie land. 



Quaternary — Drift, northeast part of State. 



Quaternary — Champlain, in isolated areas. 



Quaternary — Loess, in eastern half. 



Quaternary — Alluvium. 



Much remains to be done. The area of 81,000 square miles cannot be thoroughly 

 explored in a quarter of a century by desultory efforts, however enthusiastic. Steady, 

 consecutive work is needed. It is now known that the drift area contains true 

 morainal deposits which await examination, and other Quaternary deposits are claim- 

 ing the attention not yet given to them. Questions of dynamic geology — upheaval 

 and erosion — faulting and flexure, are pressing forward, and they have all economic 

 value which awaits expression. 



In compiling the foregoing sketch, the following material has been used, viz. : 



1. Kansas Statutes. Session Laws of 1864. 



2. " " " " " 1865. 



3. First Annual Report on the Geology of Kansas for 1864. B. F. Mudge. 1866. 



4. Preliminary Report on the Geological Survey of Kansas for 1865. G. C. 

 Swallow. 1866. 



5. United States Geological and Geographical Surveys for 1875. 



6. First Biennial Report. State Board of Agriculture. 1877-8. 



7. Third » " " " " 1881-2- 



8. Fourth " " " " " 1883-4. 



9. Quarterly Reports. " " " 



10. Transactions of Kansas Academy of Science. 1876. 



11. » » " " 1877-8. 



12. « " " " 1881-2. 



13. " « " " 1883-4. 



14. Newspaper reports of Academy meeting for 1885. 



15. Agricultural Geology, by W. K. Kedzie. 1877. 



16. Articles by Professors O. C. Marsh, E. D. Cope, Leo Lesquereux, and F. B. 

 Meek, in United States Geological and Geographical Surveys, by Dr. Hayden. 



17. Geological Survey of Illinois. Vol. VII. 1883. 



18. Sundry articles in Kansas City Review. 



19. " " in American Naturalist. 



20. Works of Dana and LeConte. 



21. The MS. of F. G. Adams on the Bibliography of Kansas Geology. 



[Note.— Since the above was written, in June, 1886, the U. S. Geological Survey has printed topo- 

 graphical maps of a square degree in soutlieastorn Kansas, the partial resuU of the two previous sea- 

 sons' work by a geographical corps under the direction of Prof, (iannett, the chief topographer of the 

 Survey and the whole of the season of 1880 having been similarly employed. Topographical maps, 

 on a scale of half an inch to a mile, with contour lines fifty feet apart, are in an advanced stage of 

 preparation for the eastern third of the State.-Also, Prof. Hay was employed during the season ot 

 1886 to work up the geology of the southeast of the State, and his report of a reconnoissauce in south- 

 western Kansas, made in 1885, is now in the hands of the (iovernmcnt i.rinter as a Bulletin of the U. S. 

 Survey .-The new Biennial Report of the State Board of Agriculture (188r.-6) has an article by Prof. 

 St John which shows advance in knowledge of the details of the geology of the southwest of the State. 

 The same volume has an article on the (ieology of the Natural lias of Eastern Kansas, as one of the 

 results of Prof. Hay's work in that region.— R. H.] 



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