73 



zontal within the area observed, clinoiiu'ter measurements indicating either 

 no inclination at all or dips varying in amount up to about 1° in various 

 directions, showing tliat the strata are either horizontal or departing from 

 i1 to a very slight degree in such a way as to form an irregularly warped 

 surface. Evidence of continued warping in the same direction of relatively 

 recent date, considerable in total amount, yet occasioning dips too slight 

 to he measured with a clinometer, will be presented in connection with the 

 detailed discussion farther on. 



No great systems of joints have been detected, and no faults except 

 exceedingly diminutive ones. 



GEOGRAPHY. 



Whitewater River at Richmond Is strictly East Whitewater River, the 

 western branch crossing Wayne County near Cambridge City, and finally 

 uniting with the eastern branch just below I'rookville, in Franklin County, 

 to form the Whitewater River proper : but in this paper, for the sake of 

 brevity, the stream at Richmond will be referred to as the Whitewater 

 Rivei'. This (East) V>'hitewater River is formed by the junction of three 

 smaller streams just north of the city of Richmond, known as the West, 

 'the ^Middle, and the East Forks, respectively, of the Whitewater River. 

 For the greater part of their course these three forks tlow in valleys which 

 are formed for the most part in glacial drift, bed rock being encountered 

 at only a few points. Beginning a short distance north of Richmond, liow- 

 ever, the valleys of these streams liave cut into the underlying rock, which 

 from this point on forms a large part of the slope of tlie sides of the val- 

 ley ; sometimes being exposed in steep, cliff-like faces, sometimes covered 

 with a thin layer of soil, talus, or other rock waste. 



From the vicinity of the junction of the three forks for a distance of 

 over two miles southward, the valley is narrow, steep sided, and canyon- 

 like, its width at the top being from fiOO to 1,000 feet, and its depth GO 

 to SO feet. A little farther down, the valley is somewhat deeper but pro- 

 portionately much wider, with sides which, while still steep, are less 

 precipitous, having cliff-like faces at relatively few points, and in genera! 

 showing signs of greater topographic age. 



THE TERRACES. 

 The region at and near the points of junction of the three forks marks 

 the approximate location of a natural division separating the series of 

 terraces along the vallevs of the three foi'ks above from those along thf 



