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duce minerul water. Fourth, in the western edge of the urea, where the 

 limestone is under cover of tlie Chester formation, except in tlie deeper 

 valleys, the rock-water is artesian, and more or less highly impregnated 

 \^ith mineral salts, as in the case of the water of the French Lick Val- 

 ley. In this part of the area mineral water is constantly making its way 

 from considerable dei)ths to the surface, along the joints of the soluble 

 limestone, and consequently mineral springs abound, and even shallow 

 wells produce mineral water. 



Except in the valleys of White, I'.lue and Ohio rivers, the limestoiie 

 area contains, so far as known, no coarse deposits of alluvium, from whicii 

 water can be obtained, as in the Knobstone region. The larger valleys of 

 the area, with the exceptions already mentioned, are of two types. Oiu- 

 of these is represented by the headwaters of Indian Creek in Monroe 

 County, and by Lost River in Orange County, and Indian Creek in Har- 

 rison County. These creeks tlow in broad sliallow valleys on the lime- 

 stone upland, and have lost many of their tributaries and much of their 

 water by underground piracy to the deeper valleys on the east and west 

 Their floors are leaky, and their deposits of alluvium are thin and very 

 Pne grained. The other type of valley is exemplified by Richland Creek 

 in Monroe and C4reene Counties and by the lower course of Indian Creek 

 in Lawrence County, and by French Lick Creek. Tliese valleys are deeply 

 intrenched, having cut through the Mansfield and Chester formations into 

 the top of the Mitchell limestone. They are liroad, conspicuously terraced, 

 and have well-developed alluvial deposits; but the character and water- 

 bearing ipialities of these deposits have not been carefully investigated. 



IV. 

 Similar to the Knobstone region in topography, but differing consider- 

 ably in type of geological formation, is the area occupied by the Chester 

 and Mansfield formations. Tlie Chester (Huron) formation consists of a 

 series of limestones, shales and sandstones, varying from place to place in 

 the thickness of its members, and in the details of its lithologj-, but pre- 

 senting everywhere the following general sequence, in the ascending order : 

 (a) Lower sandstone, l to 12 feet thick; (b) Lower limestone, thin-bedded, 

 oolitic or lithographic, 2 to 5 feet; (c) Middle sandstone and shale, argil- 

 laceous or arenaceous shale and cross-bedded, soft sandstone, 45 to 62 feet 

 thick; (d) Middle limestime. crystalline, generally light colored, occasiou- 



