134 Kansas Academy of Science. 



river, but retain the name "Destruction" for the island that Quadra 

 named "Isla de Dolores." 



On August 1, 1790, Alferez Quimper, having been sent to ex- 

 plore the Strait of Juan de Fuca by the Spanish Captain Elisa, 

 discovered Neah Bay and Bahada Point, two miles further east. 

 Tbe former he named Bahia de Nunez Graona. And in May, 1792, 

 Lieut. Salvador Fidalgo established a military post at the place, 

 with necessary buildings and fortifications, and remained there 

 until September, The bricks of the old fort — bricks imported from 

 Mexico in the "Princessa," can be found in the earth banks there 

 to-day. Here the Spaniards came in contact with the British, 

 under Vancouver. A conference was called, and Quadra failed to 

 agree with the latter. Then the two commissioners agreed to send 

 to their home governments for further instructions, as a result of 

 which the Spaniards were compelled to abandon the country. 



While Vancouver was maneuvering with Quadra for the posses- 

 .sion of the North Pacific, our own Captain Gray was making his 

 famous trip up the coast, staying the winter of 1791-'92 at the har- 

 bor that bears his name. As a result of his trip, and that of Lewis 

 and Clark to the Columbia later, the country was jointly occupied 

 by the British and the United States till the treaty of 1846 gave 

 the Oregon territory to the United States. And later, in 185o-'59, 

 Governor Stevens's treaties settled the Indian troubles. But ac- 

 tual settlement in the region did not begin till a later date, and at 

 ao time have there been many white people living in the region 

 back of the Olympics except along the Strait of Fuca and in the 

 few scattered prairies. 



INDIANS OP THE REGION. 



The explorers found a tribe of Indians occupying the valley of 

 each stream that flowed out into the ocean or strait ; the village of 

 of the tribe being at the mouth of the respective stream. In 

 addition, the Makahs occupied the Cape Flattery section of the 

 peninsula and the Ohemicums the Port Townsend division. The 

 Indians lived principally by fishing, though they also hunted. 

 They represented different linguistic stocks and were continually 

 at war with each other. The wars were carried on principally for 

 the purpose of capturing slaves. Besides the slaves, who were 

 almost always cruelly treated, the people of each tribe were divided 

 into the chieftain stock and the base people. The former owned 

 the land and received the greater part of the benefits of the hunting 

 expeditions and of the fish and whale catches. In fact the base 

 people were considered only a little better than slaves. 



