Geological Papers. 135 



These Indians are short and heavy set and resemble the Japanese 

 very much in facial appearance. When discovered they had plural 

 wives, the chief having the larger number of women. Marriage 

 was a loose affair, from our standard. And it is not likely that 

 Sodom and Gomorrah could have put them to shame so far as virtue 

 was and is concerned. These simple-hearted people are worshipers 

 of nature and of two imaginary beings — Duskia, a giantess, and 

 Kwatte, the creator. Duskia represented evil ; Kwatte the good. 

 , Duskia went about capturing and eating little children ; Kwatte 

 cleared the sea of the great sea-monsters that killed the fish and 

 even came upon the land and swallowed up whole villages of 

 people. At last good overcame evil : Kwatte killed Duskia. The 

 Indians now confound Kwatte with Jesus Christ, calling him Jesus 

 Man. At the present time the Indians have a religion of their own 

 manufacture. It is a combination of the old worship and Chris- 

 tianity. They have a cross and candles. They self- hypnotize 

 themselves. Then all shake, tremble, muscle-quiver, and stamp by 

 the hour, as they chant the monotonous song : "Hi, hi, hi." By 

 this they expect to gain entrance into heaven. 



SCENERY. 



The scenery of this region is grand. In the lowlands one sees 

 and is engulfed in stately timber. And at the ocean beach one 

 beholds nature in all its beauty. To ascend one of the numerous 

 islands along the coast, say James island, at an elevation of 150 

 feet above the sea, on a still day, and look southward, one may dis- 

 cern the dim outlines of Destruction island with its precipitous 

 coast and dangerous reefs; also the low sandy beach and rugged 

 rocks of the mainland shore-line, which extends as far as the eye 

 can reach; and added to the view is an almost impenetrable ever- 

 green forest which covers the entire coast; while here and there 

 can be seen curling upward from some settler's cabin a column of 

 blue smoke. To the east one sees" the white-robed, snow-capped 

 Olympic mountains. To the west the whale and the salmon jump 

 and play at the surface of the gently waving waters; and the ships 

 of the world pass in sight to and fro. To ascend the elevated areas 

 toward the Olympics the view broadens and becomes yet more sub- 

 lime, while open, flower-bedded areas gradually take the place of 

 the forest. From Mount Olympus to the east, across the busy 

 "Sound region," there stand out boldly against the sky Mounts 

 Rainier and Baker, while high mountains close in the horizon 

 from the land of the Norman Lion on the north to where the 

 waves have turned to stone on the south. To the west, beyond the 



