Geological Papers. 233 



cessfully carried on in this district water will have to be broupjht 

 from Ozette river or lake. 



Yellow Banks Placer's. — Six or seven miles south of Ozette the 

 Pleistocene deposits overlook the sea in yellowish-brown bluffs 

 reaching a height of over 125 feet. No bed-rock is here exposed; 

 only horizontally bedded Pleistocene sand and gravel. At the base 

 of the bluflFs are pay sands, a concentrate from material that is being 

 continually dropped from the clifPs. Here there is an abundance 

 of water, thus enabling the miners to use the sluice-box method of 

 separation. Work was done in this district last year but it is now 

 temporarily abandoned. 



Johnson Point Placers. — Last winter gold was found in the 

 beach sands near Johnson Point, also in paying quantities in the 

 Pleistocene deposits of the bench adjacent. Since then several 

 men have been employed at placer mining in the district; but the 

 work is very badly hampered by flooding caused by the encroach- 

 ing sea. A pan of sand here has been known to run as high as 

 sixty cents in gold; and men have been able to clear from two to 

 ten dollars per day. The gold consists of very fine flakes. Associ- 

 ated with it are magnetite, garnet, pyrite, platinum, and iridosmine. 



Remarks. — The first gold excitement in the region occurred in 

 1894. Since then placer mining has been carried on continuously, 

 some $30,000 having been taken from the district. 



The gold is unquestionably derived from the Pleistocene de- 

 posits covering the benches adjacent to the sea, being concentrated 

 at bed-rock at the base of the bluffs and benches by the pounding 

 sea- waters. The gold being derived from the Pleistocene deposits, 

 there seems to be no reason why pay gold may not be found in 

 certain localities in these deposits as well as in the beach sands. 

 And again, as the sea in Pleistocene times reached far inland to 

 what it does now, it is possible that gold concentration was going on 

 along the ocean front then as now, and that pay streaks may be 

 found along the then ocean beach. Moreover, all the gold not 

 brought with the glacier from the Selkirks and Mount Baker 

 country must have been leached out of the mineral veins in the 

 Clallam Peak district. Consequently, rich veins of gold ore may 

 some day be discovered in that region. 



Oil. 



As has been casually mentioned, there are indications of oil at 

 several places along the Pacific coast from Cape Flattery to Point 

 Elizabeth. The conglomerate and serpentine of the supposed nre- 

 Cretaceous series give off an odor like that of benzine, when fretshly 



