the Birds of the Lower Petchora. 445 



of the same sort of scene in a wildfowl-sanctuary at home. 

 The same species of birds were there too. Two Widgeons 

 were in the foreground, the male occasionally whistling as he 

 floated lazily about ; a little further off were two Teal ; and 

 up and down over the surface of the water were a number of 

 fine Scaup Ducks swimming in pairs or small parties, fre- 

 quently uttering their harsh cries. At the far end a solitary 

 Swan floated, its head high, and its neck straight, already on 

 the qui vive. The Scaup Ducks shortly became suspicious, and 

 swam up close together. The Swan took the hint, and, beat- 

 ing the water with his wings, rose and flew ofi", followed by 

 Scaups, Widgeon, and Teal. 



We afterwards found the Scaup not uncommon in certain 

 localities, but did not meet with any further north than Yoo- 

 shina. They did not appear to be abundant at Alexievka, as 

 the Zyriani only brought in one set of eggs and down. 



FULIGULA CRISTATA. 



The Tufted Duck appeared to be scarce upon the Petchora, 

 as far as we could observe. The first was obtained by See- 

 bohm at an island a little below Viski on the 17th June; and 

 on the 19th Harvie Brown shot another on the island op- 

 posite Kuya. These were the only specimens procured ; and 

 not more than one or two others were identified. 



FuLIGULA CLANGULA (L.) . 



We did not see much of this species, as we stayed only a 

 short time in the forest- country after their arrival. We iden- 

 tified one Golden-eye at the feeding-grounds on the Zylma, 

 and obtained two sets of eggs at Habariki from the peasants. 

 A nesting-hole was pointed out to us in a dead larch, 25 feet 

 from the ground, from which our informant had taken the 

 down and fourteen eggs, which we purchased from him. We 

 did not meet with the species again lower down the river. 



Harelda glacialis (L.). 



We saw nothing of the Long-tailed Duck on migration, 

 nor until wc arrived at Kuya. There we found them not un- 

 common on tlie islands opposite the village, and afterwards 

 met with them abundantly on tlic tundra, and less plentifully 



