38 Mr. II. Scebohm on Messrs. Blakiston and Pryer's 



outside tail-feathers largely developed. The bird with the 

 dark throat I take to be fully adult. The white throat I 

 take to be a sign of immaturity _, as it is frequently accom- 

 panied by pale tips to the wiiig-coverts and the rudiments of 

 an eye-stripe. Tliis Thrush is the T. daulias of the ' Fauna 

 Japonica,^ 



247. TuRDUs OBScuRUSy G,mel. 



It is very curious that this Thrush, figured and described 

 in the ' Fauna Japonica ' as T. ^jatlens, Pall., should never 

 have been recorded from Japan by any of our English 

 collectors. In Siberia I found it the easiest species of 

 Thrush to shoot^ much less wild and shy than its congeners. 

 Probably it may be only an accidental visitor to Japan ; or 

 possibly the example described by Temminck and Schlegel 

 may have been a cage-bird. 



254. Emberiza ciopsis, Bp. 



This Bunting is the E. cioides of the ' Fauna Japonica ; ' 

 but that name, having been previously applied to a nearly 

 allied species by Brandt, is superseded by E. ciopsis of 

 Bonaparte. The two species are quite distinct, though 

 Swinhoe unites them in his catalogue of the birds of China 

 (P. Z. S. 1871, p. 388). Among the Japanese skins brought 

 over by Mr. Heyward Jones is a pair of E. ciopsis, which I 

 have compared with a tine series of E. cioides just received 

 from Kras-no-yarsk in Central Siberia. The Japanese bird has 

 black cheeks, and a pale chestnut breast, scarcely darker 

 than the belly; whereas the Siberian bird has very dark 

 chestnut cheeks, and a gorget of dark chestnut across the 

 breast, in strong contrast to the paler belly. 



A third form of these very nearly allied species is to be 

 found in Emberiza cioides, Brandt, subsp. gigliolii of Swinhoe. 

 It is a small form of E. cioides which is found in China. A 

 series of thirteen males of ^. cioides from the Yen-e-say vary 

 in length of wing from 3' 5 to 3*05, whilst a series of ten 

 males of E. gigliolii from China vary from 3*08 to 2*8. The 

 females present an equal variation in size. Four females 

 from the Yenesay vary in length of wing from 3"14 to 295, 

 whilst seven females from China vary from 285 to 2*66. 



