216 Mr. H. Seebohm on the 



ACREDULA CAUDATA. 



The Long- tailed Tit is a rare resident. Hcnke only once 

 found its nest. 



CaLAMOPHILUS BIARMICUS. 



The Bearded Tit is a veiy common resident. It prefers to 

 build in the nests of the various species of Herons when they 

 are placed in the reeds. When the country is flooded it often 

 takes possession of the nests of Cetti^s Warbler. 



^GITHALUS CASPIUS. 



The Pendulous Tit is an extremely abundant resident. . So 

 far as is known, only the Caspian form is found at Astrakhan. 



MOTACILLA ALBA. 



The White Wagtail is a not very common summer visitor. 



MOTACILLA CITREOLA. 



Henke never observed the Yellow-headed Wagtail; but 

 Eversmann records it from the Lower Volga. 



MOTACILLA FLAVA. 



The Blue-headed Wagtail is a very common summer visitor. 



MOTACILLA MELANOCEPHALA. 



The Black-headed Wagtail is a very rare summer visitor. 



Anthus arboreus. 



The Tree-Pipit is occasionally met with on migration. 



Anthus campestris. 



The Tawny Pipit is a very common bird in summer on 

 the Kirghiz steppes. 



Anthus cervinus. 



The Red- throated Pipit was not observed by Henke; but it 

 has been seen on migration at Sarepta. 



Alauda arvensis. 



The Sky-Lark is not a common bird. Not seen in winter. 



Melanocorypha calandra. 



The Calandra Lark is very local, and not common in the 

 Kirghiz steppes during the breeding-season. It is occasionally 

 seen during the winter near Astrakhan. 



