Mr. R. B. Sharpe's Catalogue 0/ Accipitros. 471 



tiarics, where they extend slightly across and beyond the 

 shaft ; the interspaces between the bars on the wing-feathers 

 are throughout of a paler rufous than the outer webs ; the 

 primary and secondary quills are also tipped with blackish 

 brown. A much more abundant tropical American species, 

 Accipiter tinus, exhibits in its first plumage a rufous phase 

 much resembling the immature dress of ^. coUaris; such an 

 example is described by Mr. Sharpe as " young/' the second, 

 or succeeding stage being defined by him as " immature,'' and 

 the final state as " adult." 



A young male from the Upper Amazons, which is pre- 

 served in the Norwich Museum, agrees generally with Mr. 

 Sharpe's description of the " young " bird, but differs from 

 it in the following particulars : the upper scapulars and in- 

 terscapulary feathers are crossed by alternate transverse bars 

 of a very dark rufous and of a rufous of a brighter hue ; and 

 on the lower scapulars these tints are further varied by three 

 or four bands of fulvous white crossing the entire breadth of 

 each feather near its base, but nearer to its point only the 

 inner web. 



Notwithstanding the great resemblance in the character of 

 coloration which exists between A. coUaris and A. tinus in 

 their first dress, and, to a certain extent, in their adult plu- 

 mage also, I am disposed to assign A. tinus to a group distinct 

 from A. collaris ; and in this group I would also include three 

 small African Hawks, A. hartlaubi, A. minullus, and A. erij- 

 thropus, if indeed the latter, which I have not had an op- 

 portunity of examining, be really a distinct species from A. 

 minullus. 



The late Dr. Kaup associated A. tinus and A. minullus in 

 a distinct subgenus, first under the title Hieraspiza, with A. 

 virgatus, and subsequently under that of Teraspiza, with A. 

 virgatus and A. rhodog aster ; but I am disposed to consider 

 that the two latter species belong rather to the group of 

 which A. nisus is the type, though they are in some respects 

 aberrant members of it, and though A. rhodogaster is re- 

 markable for a rufescent immature plumage, which, in its 

 upper parts, much resembles that of A. tinus at a correspond- 

 ing age. 



