134 



Although comparatively few in number, their distribution is remark- 

 ably uniform, so that the various areas occupied by the association are 

 strikingly similar in their vegetational appearance. On the up- 

 lands, it is more or less mixed with relics of the preceding black oak 

 association. 



An association greatly resembling this, and possibly identical 

 with it, occupies in the Winnebago area the. upland areas of clay 

 overlying limestone, and indicates that, in the future development of 

 the vegetation, the associations on sand and clay will become grad- 

 ually similar. This is in accordance with the views of Cowles {igoi: 

 7), that all the vegetation of a region "is tending toward an ultimate 

 common destiny." 



The specific composition of the association is shown by the fol- 

 lowing list. 



A. Species characteristic of the association 



1. Trees: 



Qncrciis iiiacrocarpa Carya ovata 



Quercus alba 



2. vSmaller trees and shrubs : 

 Popitlus treinuloides 



Popuhts graiididentata 

 Corylus aniericana 

 Rnbiis idaciis, 



\'ar. aciileatissim 11 s 



3. Lianes : 

 Smilax herbacea 

 Sinila.v ecirrhata 

 Siiiila.v hispida 

 RJiiis Toxicodendron 



4. Herbs : 

 Botrychiitni ternatuui, \-ar. 



intenuediiini 

 Botrychiuni virginianum 

 Polygonatuui couimutatum 

 SinUacina racemosa 

 Cypripcdium parviflorum, 



^•ar. pub esc ens 

 Si! cue stcUata 

 Arenaria lateriflora 

 Heuchera hispida 

 Agrinwnia mollis 



Rubits occidentalis 

 P run us serotina 

 Prunus virginiana 

 Corn us Baileyi 



Vitis vulpina 

 Psedera quinquefolia 

 Lonicera SuUivantii 



Desniodiuni grandifloruni 

 Aniphicarpa Pitcheri 

 Geranium maculafuni 

 Circaea lutetiana 

 Sanicula canadensis 

 Pyrola eUiptica 

 Dodecathcon Meadia 

 J^eronica z'irgiirica 

 Galium concinnum 

 Prenanthes (dba 



