The Migration of North American Birds 



SECOND SERIES 



III. THE SUMMER AND HEPATIC TANAGERS, MARTINS,* 

 AND BARN SWALLOWS 



Compiled by Harry C. Oberholser, Chiefly from Data in the Biological Survey 



(See Frontispiece) 



SUMMER TANAGER 



There are two subspecies of the Summer Tanager, an eastern and a western, 

 which of course occupy separate areas in summer but which mingle more or 

 less during the migrations and in winter. 



The Summer Tanager (Piranga rubra rubra) breeds in the eastern United 

 States, north to Delaware (formerly to New Jersey), southern Ohio, southeast- 

 ern Wisconsin, and southeastern Nebraska; west to eastern Kansas and cen- 

 tral Texas; and south to northeastern Mexico, southeastern Texas, southern 

 Mississippi, and central Florida. It winters in Central and South America, 

 south to Guiana, Ecuador, and Peru, and north to Yucatan and central Mexico. 

 It is also of casual occurrence north to Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Quebec, 

 and Ontario; and is accidental in the Bahama Islands. 



Cooper's Tanager (Piranga rubra cooperi) breeds in the southwestern 

 United States and northern Mexico, north to central New Mexico and central 

 Arizona; west to southeastern California; south to northern Durango and 

 central Nuevo Leon; and east to central western Texas and eastern New Mexico. 



In the following migration tables all records of Cooper's Tanager are indi- 

 cated by an asterisk (*) ; all the others, therefore, should be considered as 

 referring to the eastern Summer Tanager. 



SPRING MIGRATION 



LOCALITV 



Amelia Is., Fla.. . 



Chipley, Fla 



Tallahassee, Fla. . 



Savannah, Ga 



Kirk wood, Ga.. . . 

 Charleston, S. C. 

 Long Island, Ala. 



Hilo.xi, Miss 



New Orleans, La. 

 Brownsville, Te.x. 

 San .\nlonio, Tc.x. 

 Kerrville, Te.x. . . 

 Gainesville, Tex.. 



Number 



of years' 



record 



4 

 13 



14 



7 

 4 



4 



If) 



7 



Average date of 

 spring arrival 



April i,^ 

 April 5 

 April 5 

 .\pril g 

 .April 1 1 

 .■\pril i,^ 

 .\pril I 7 

 .\|)ril 4 

 .\pril 5 



.\pril 10 

 .\pril 1 I 

 .\prii 14 



Earliest date uf 

 spring arrival 



April 12, 1916 

 March 21, 1886 

 March 30, IQ02 

 March 29, 1916 

 April 3, 1894 

 April 5, 191 2 

 .\pril 12, 1916 

 March ,?i, 1904 

 .\pril I, 1904 

 February 1 1. 185^ 

 .\pril 8, 1890 

 .\l)ril 5, 1913 

 .\pril 10, 1S85 



*The Purple Martin and Barn Swallow were figured in Bird-Lork for September-October, 1017, 

 bctore this Si-cond Series wa.s i)i;Kun. They an- treated here to make our miRration records of the 

 Swallows of North .Atmrica iDinplcte. The remaining species of the family were litjured and treated 

 in BiKO-I.oKK for .November- 1 )i-t ember, 1917. -Kditok. 



(145) • 



