TEAWLING. Gl 



extremity, or " cod-end " (Figs. 1, 3 g), is closed by the 

 draw-rope or " cod-line," which gathers the end of the 

 not together and prevents the escape of the fish until 

 it is got on board, when the rope is cast off, the cod-end 

 opened, and the fish fall out. The under part of the 

 cod having a good deal of the weight of the fish on it, is 

 of course exposed to a great deal of wear and tear as it 

 is dragged over the ground, so, to protect it from 

 chafing and being destroyed, pieces of old net termed 

 " rubbing pieces " or " false bellies" (Figs. 1, 3 Ji) are 

 fastened across it in such a manner as to overlap one 

 another successively from one end of the cod to the 

 other, and thus to relieve the strain on the net itself. 

 In the French trawls the net is very much shorter in 

 proportion to the length of the beam ; it tapers regu- 

 larly to the end, has no distinct cod, as in the English 

 nets, and the rubbing pieces extend across the under 

 side of the trawl for some distance from the end, which 

 is specially protected from chafing by having a stout 

 hide, underneath. 



Just above the entrance to the cod the " pockets " 

 (Fig. 1 i, i) are placed, one on each side of the interior 

 of the main portion of the net. They are not sepa- 

 rate parts of the net, but are made by simply lacing 

 together the back and belly for a length of about 

 IG feet, in a line from the outer edge of the b.'ig 

 downwards and inwards to its small end and the com- 

 mencement of the cod. This part of the bag is there- 

 fore divided into three spaces, and of nearly equal 

 breadth at the lower end, those at the sides being the 

 pockets, and the central space that through which the 

 fish must pass on their way from the entrance of the 

 net to the cod or general receptacle. This passage 

 between the pockets is guarded by a veil of netting 



