LINNEAN SOCIETY Or LONDON. 45 



With the completion of his masterly work on the zoological 

 results of his voyage ('Die preussische Expedition uach Ost-Asien, 

 Zoologie'), in 1879, his position as one of the foremost mala- 

 cological authorities was firmly established. But althougli shells 

 were his first, and remained his best love, his training, his wide and 

 accurate knowledge, and his intimate acquaintance with zoological 

 literature, enabled him to take up subjects from many different 

 branches of zoology, and to treat of general questions, such as the 

 distribution of animals, with a sense of responsibility which is 

 often missed in the work of the compiler and even of the 

 specialist. 



The amount of work accomplished by Martens is truly astonishing. 

 The arrangement aud care of the collections in his custody must 

 have occupied by far the greater part of the day ; yet he found 

 time for the preparation of some 200 papers for the press, for 

 the systematic aud detailed study of some important faunas, like 

 the Land and Freshwater Molhisca of Central America, A'enezuela, 

 and German East Africa, the marine Fauna of Mauritius and the 

 Seychelles, the mollusks collected by Max Weber and by the 

 German Deep-sea Expedition, 1898-9, for the preparation of 

 monographs of the genera Nerita, Neritiiia, and Navicella. The 

 whole of this published ^^•ork is characterized by painstaking 

 accuracy, discipline of method, conservative principles, respect for 

 classical form, and tolerance towards the views of others. His 

 principal aim was the elucidation of facts. 



Martens would have been satisfied, and would have felt himself 

 amply rewarded by the general high esteem in which the world of 

 science held him; but numerous honours succeeded each other in 

 due course : the University of Eostock made him an honorary 

 Doctor of Philosophy ( 1872), whilst the Berlin University placed 

 him on the list of Extraordinary Pi'ofessors (187o); the Prussian 

 Government i*ecognized his eminent services by bestowing upon 

 him the title Geheimer Eegierungsrath (1899). The Zoological 

 Society elected him a Corresponding Member in 1865 and a 

 Foreign Member in 1885 ; since 1899 he was one of the Foreign 

 Members of the Linnean Society. 



A \\'ife and daughter mourn his loss. For his early friends he 

 retained the most affectionate regard ; to help his fellow-labourers 

 was to him a pleasurable duty. A man without guile, he had no 

 enemy. [A. Guntheb.] 



Alpheus Speing Packard, who died on 14th February, 1905, 

 was born at Brunswick, Maine, U.S.A., on 19th February, 1839. 

 He was inclined towards ^Natural History from his early youth, 

 and after some preliminary studies in Bowdoin College, he joined 

 a scientific expedition to Labrador and Greenland, where he laid 

 the foundation of the broad views of nature which characterized 

 all his work. Between 1861 and 1864, while occupied with a 

 medical course at Harvard, Packard came under the influence of 



