72 



Stgr., has deeper, enlarged markings, partly united ; ab. ladalwmis, 

 Moore, is a mountain dark form from the Himalayas ; ab. )iiaiini- 

 ])t(ncta, Rayn., enlarged discal spots ; ab. xKKjninntata, Rayn., with 

 large inner marginal spot; ab. trijmnctata, Rayn., three discal 

 spots. 



Union or Spots. — These unions are either longitudinal along 

 the costa, or transverse across the discal area. (1) Ab. atrehatenstN, 

 Bdv., has enlarged costal spots, 2nd and 3rd united ; ab. ni;iricaria, 

 Hav., has enlarged costal spots, two outer united; ab. nii/rita, Fick., 

 is similar, but more advanced, two discal spots and costal united ; 

 ab. conjnncta, Neubg., has all three costal spots united ; ab. oahorni, 

 Donck., has two or three costal spots united and edged yellow ochre ; 

 ab. ichnutioides, Selys., 2nd and 3rd united ; ab. niijricostata, with 

 narrow black margin to costa. (2) Ab. connexa, Btlr., has the 

 costal and inner marginal spots united by a wide black band ; 

 &h. ja/xtnica, Fisch., and ab. jessoensix, Weism., are similar ; ab. 

 polaris, Stgr., has them partly united ; ab. nubilata, Rayn., has them 

 with black, cloudy area between ; ab. punctijuncta, Rayn., two 

 discal spots united. 



Reduction of Spots. — This may be either in number or in size. 

 Ab. turcica, Stgr., has the discal spots very small, or even absent; 

 ab. turcicoides, Stgr., is similar in this respect ; ab. embii/onalis, 

 Solow., has costal spots reduced ; ab. comentanea, Jachont., is 

 similar in this respect ; ab. pari-ij>nncta, Rayn., small spots ; ab. 

 imipuncta, Rayn., one spot ; ab. jiarvinotata, Rayn., with small 

 inner marginal spot; ab. nigridoisaia, Rayn., with black streak 

 running from inner marginal spot to anal anal. 



Absence of Discal Spots.— This takes place in ab. ichnusa, 

 Stgr., ab. seh/sii, Donck. ; ab. embyyonalis, Solow. ; ab. otrebatensis, 

 Bdv. ; ab. nigricaria, Haw. ; and icJuiKsoidi's, Selys. ; ab. ioproto- 

 foriiiis, Reuss, has discal and inner marginal spots absent. 



Marginal Spots. — Ab. riolesreufi, Slev., has a violet sheen on the 

 blue marginal lunules ; ab. cunsentanea, Jachont., has the blue spots 

 enlarged ; ab. holandii, Lamb., has the blue markings extended to 

 streaks ; ab. dannenbergi, Neubg., has straw-coloured marginal 

 spots; ab. niva, Gr.-Gr., has the blue spots obsolescent, with a 

 broad black margin ; ab. atrebutends, Bdv., has the blue spots 

 wanting ; ab. nigricaria, Hav., marginal blue spots completely 

 absent; oh. parrilHnulata,'Rd.yx\., hindwing small black spots ; ab. 

 magnilumdata, Rayn., hindwing large blue spots; ab. luna, Reuss, 

 ocalescence of blue crescents at anal angle to form a large blue 



