340 Annals of the South African Museum. 



subfamily is rich iu various adaptatious to live on the ground, or even 

 buried in sand or mud ; some curious and even grotesque forms exist 

 in tropical Africa. 



The South African representation of the subfamily is comparatively 

 poor; liut it is not improbable that more species remain to be 

 discovered. 



1. Legs short, third femora not reaching beyond the joint between thorax and 



abdomen. Discoidal field in front wings more distally and less widened 

 than in (2), divergence of M, and C'lti/ beginning at the level of nodus 

 or more distally. Between ikf,-j and M^ in hind wing a single cross-vein 

 (Plate VIII, figs. 3, 4, 5, 6). Lateral margin of abdominal segments 9, or 

 8 and 9, foliate. 



Legs long, third femora reacliing to the joint between abdominal seg- 

 ments 2 and 3. Discoidal field in front wings much dilated to the 

 border, divergence of M, and Cuq beginning proximally to the level 

 of nodus. Between JIf , 3 and M^ in hind wing two cross-veins. No 

 indication of anal loop in hind wing, all branches of A running parallel 

 in about right angles to the anal margin (Plate VIII, fig. 2). Abdomen 

 cylindrical. Lateral margin of terminal abdominal segments not foliate. 

 Superior appendages of male scarcely longer than tenth segment, simple j 

 inferior appendage of about equal length, divided in two widely divergent 

 branches Podogomiihns. 



2. A distinct anal loop in hind wing, by convergence of A3 and A, at their 



beginning and coincidence of cross-veins (Text-fig. 5, Plate VIII, figs. 



5, {)) 4. 



No distinct anal loop in hind wing, at most some convergence of Aj and 

 J4 at their beginning, but no coincidence of cross-veins (Plate VIII, figs. 

 3,4). Segments S and 9 foliate ....... 3. 



3. I'terostigma large. Third to seventh abdominal segments comparatively 



robust. Superior appendages of male but little longer than tenth seg- 

 ment, not approximate nor touching each other in the raid-dorsal line ; 

 inferior appendage of about equal length. Structure of female genital 

 segments much as in preceding genus . . . Crenigomphus. 



Pterostigma moderate. Third to seventh abdominal segments very 

 slender. Superior appendages of male considerably longer than tenth 

 segment, apijroximate iu the mid-dorsal line, so much as to be con- 

 tiguous at least in the basal half or two-thirds ; inferior appendage 

 considerably sliorter, deeply divided in two contiguous branches. 

 Female witli vulvar scale broad and comparatively short; on ventral 

 plate of nintli seguient a corresponding shallow groove, bordered by a 

 low ridge .......... Mesognmphus. 



4. Anal loop two-celled (Phite Vlll, fig. 01. Segments 8 and 9 foliate. Male 



with appendages much longer than tenth segment. 



Female with vulvar scale and ninth ventral plate much as in Mcmigviiiiih iis 



Onychogoiiiphus. 

 Anal loop of more tlian two cells (Plate VIII, fig. (i). Only the eiglitli seg- 

 ment foliate at lateral margin. Male with appendages much shorter 



