94 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



(7) Small, solid, fleshy galls loosely attached to the leaf 

 Subglobular, greenish yellow, smooth, hard leaf galls attached to the under 

 surface, internally hard, fibrous, diameter 5 mm, vertical diameter 2 to 2.5 

 mm, on Q. 1 a u r i f o 1 i a. Ashm. '81, p. XVIII 



Cynipid. Andricus rugosus Ashm. 

 Globular, single or clustered leaf galls covered with minute, warty, pubescent 

 dots, monothalamous, fleshy, on the upper surface, diameter 2.5 to 3.75 mm, 

 on Q. minor. Fig. 84, 3, 4. Beutm. 'ogd, p. 245 



Cynipid. Biorhiza mellea Ashm. 



Globose, .white or red tinged, waxlike, juicy, monothalamous gall on the under 



surface of leaves of Q. rubra and Q. c o c c i n e a. Beutm. 'ogd, p. 253 



Cynipid. Philonix compressa Gill 



(8) Moderate sized, hard galls loosely attached to the vein below and with a faceted or spiny 



surface 

 (a) Surface faceted 

 Globular, pale yellowish leaf galls finely netted with fissures or cracks and 

 intervening elevated points; occurs on both surfaces and contains two larval 

 cells, diameter 5 to 7 mm. Fig. 89, i. Beutm. 'ogd, p. 247 



Cynipid. Oak pea gall, Philonix p"e zomachoides O. S. 



Oval or rounded, monothalamous, pale green or yellow leaf vein gall, the 



surface fissured, each facet with a short, hard point, diameter 2 to 4 mm, 



onQ. macrocarpa and Q. undulata. Fig. 89, 11. Beutm. 'ogd, 



P- 251 



Cynipid. Jewel oak gall, Philonix macrocarpae Bass. 

 Globular, monothalamous, fissured, green gall, each facet with a short point, 

 diameter 4 to 6 mm, on Q. p r i n u s. Fig. 89, 10. Beutm. 'ogd, p. 350 



Cynipid. Philonix hirta Bass. 



(6) Facets on the surface pointed or spine-tipped 

 Globose leaf gall with the surface finely netted or fissured like a strawberry 

 and covered with short, spiny prickles, yellowish, and containing one to four 

 cells, diameter 5 to 7 mm, on Q. p 1 a t a n o i d e s. Fig. 89, 5. Beutm. 

 'ogd, p. 248 



Cynipid. Yellow sea urchin, Philonix echini Ashm. 

 Globular, woody, monothalamous midrib leaf gall with numerous conelike 

 projections, green or yellowish, usually red tinged, diameter 6 to 12 mm, 

 on Q. p r i n o i d e s. Fig. 89, 6, 7. Beutm. 'o9d, p. 249 



Cynipid. Spiny oak gall, Philonix prinoides Beutm 



(c) Spines of the facets long 



Globose or elongate, polythalamous leaf gall netted with fissures or cracks, 

 more or less densely covered with spines and yellow, sometimes shaded with 

 red, length 10 to 20 mm, diameter 6 to 12 mm, on Q. alba. Fig. 89, 2-4. 

 Beutm. '09d, p. 247. 



Cynipid. Oak hedgehog gall, Philonix erinacei Walsh^ 



(d) Spines long, hairlike 



Globular, fissured midrib leaf gall somewhat like that of P. erinacei but 

 densely covered with long, bristlelike hairs, pale yellow, monothalamous, 

 bristlelike hairs 3 mm long, diameter 9 to 1 1 mm, cnQ. macrocarpa. 

 Fig. 89, 8, 9. Beutm. '09d, p. 249 



Cynipid. Hairy oak gall, Philonix villosa Gill 



' Agamic form of Cynips erinacei, see Triggerson, Ent. Soc. Am. Ann. 7:26, 1914. 



