MOSQUITO WORK IX KHARTOUM, ETC. 35 



Lado Mansonia uniform is. 



River laanks high. SAvampy Culex viridis. 



island. Bush country be- Culex fatigans. 

 yond. Myzorhyuchus iDahidis. 



Mimomyia uniformis. 

 Myzomyia ? 

 It Avill l)e seen tliat several genera previously unrecorded fr(jm this part of 

 Africa have been found, such as ]\Iucidus, Tasniorhynclius, Tlieobaldia, L rauuta;iiia 

 and Mimomyia,' while several entirely new genera and species have been secured.^ and'spede? 



The White Nile, as might have been expected, was f(iund to harbour many 

 more Anophelines, than the Blue Nile, though the Blue Nile furnishes a good 

 many fever cases in the summer months. M>/~orhyiic/ius paludis was very common 

 on the Pibor, where Uranotajniaj Avere also in large numbers, and were very 

 vicious. (Jn tlie Bahr-El-Jebel Myzoniijid faitesta, in both its varieties, Avas a 

 frequent visitor in the evenings. This mosquito was found to remain on board Permanence of 



£ ' 11 • 1* 1 • 1 £ 1 1 r ' 11 • Anophelines 



tor several days at a time, lying pcraii in the iolds oi curtains and hangings, on steamers 

 in mats and carpets bestowed in heaps, and finding special sanctuaries on the 

 under surfaces of tables. 



The steamer on Avhicli the captures were made Avas prevented becoming a 

 breeding ground, and so any fallacy which might have arisen from this source 

 of infection, Avas obviated. Mr. Young, the engineer, rendered every assistance 

 in his poAver. 



Mansonia unifurmls is, hoAvever, par excellence, the mosquito of these parts 

 of the Niles, i.e., the Blue Nile from AVad ^ledani to Roseires, and the White 

 Nile from Renk to Gondokoro, including the Sobat River and Lake No. In the 

 light of this fact it AA^ould be Avell to ascertain if iilariasis is common in these 

 regions. It was on this blood-loA-ing insect that a small red tick looking like a 

 tiny preser\'ed cherry AA'as first found. This tick AA'as aftenvards discoA-ered on ihemo^qu'to 

 Myzorhynchus paludis, and on se\'eral other species. It does not seem to affect 

 the mosquito in any way, and Avas usually attached to the thorax or abdomen. 

 I haA'e also once seen Avhat seems to be a green tick. So far, there has not 

 been time to study these parasites more fully, but specimens haA-e been sent to 

 Mr. Theobald. 



In connection AAath preventiA^e methods to be adopted at stations in the 

 SAvamp regions of the White Nile, one Avould strongly advocate the introduction 

 of sun-floAver cultiA'ation. xVpart from its Avater-absorbing cai^acities the sun-HoAver sun-Hower 



• 1 1 1 1 M n 1 • cultivation 



is of great value as an economic product, the oil, seeds, and filire all being advocated 

 useful. It has been successfully cultivated in the previously malarial stretches of 

 the Mississipi valley, and is knoAvn to groAV Avell and rapidly in the Sudan. 



As far as the application of culicifuges goes I have found a mixture of 

 equal parts of citronella oil and absolute alcohol, the most effective preparation, 

 and one pleasant to employ. 



* Theobald. Monograph of the Culicidse, Vol. iii. " Vide special report by Mr. F. V. Theobald 



