TRYPANOSOMIASIS IN TIIK ANGLO-EGYPTIAN SUDAN 
29 
The animal reactions were tested with a view to finding out how this trypanosome 
was related to the camel trypanosome of the French Sudan, which causes the disease called 
“ Mbori” ; the trypanosome of dromedaries, T. suudaHense, found in the regions of the Upper 
Niger, and causing the disease “ Le Tahaga ” ; and the trypanosome to which the Algerian 
disease of dromedaries, “ El Debah," is due. 
Unfortunately, all the records were destroyed, and one can only say that dogs are 
susceptible to the disease and die from it — one noticeable feature lieing that, at intervals, 
trypanosomes cannot be found in the blood. Post mortem the spleen is found enlarged, and, 
so far as I can remember, there was a marked increase of pericardial fluid and some 
hypertrophy of the lymphatic glands, especially those in the mesentery. Guinea pigs, 
jerboas and gerbils are also susceptible. The last-named usually live about three months 
after inoculation. Of ten inoculated only one failed to become infected. 
A goat was inoculated from an infected dog, but, though watched for several months 
and frequently examined, never exhibited trypanosomes in its blood or showed any sign of 
illness. It did not become emaciated or lose weight, and in this instance I think one may 
safely conclude that the animal did not become infected. This apparent immunity of goats 
is important, considering their association with camels and their great value in Kordofan. 
In the absence of my notes and owing to the paucity of experiments, the strain having 
been lost and the work interrupted, one cannot come to a definite conclusion ; but from a 
study of the work of Cazalbou^ and of Laveran,- I am inclined to think this disease of 
camels is due to T. soudanenso, provided T. soudauense is a distinct entity, a point 
by no means proved. 
The trypanosome of “Mbori” appears to be due to a variety of T. evaiisi, and Laveran 
showed that a goat, recovered from “ Le Tahaga,” could be infected with the trypanosome 
of “Mbori,’’ while a goat immune to infection by 7'. evansi could be successfully inoculated 
with T. soudanense. 
It would seem that “ El iJehuh,” the Algerian disease described by the Sergents,^ is in all 
probability identical with “ Le Tahaga.” T. soiidaiieuse is less virulent to mice than the 
trypanosome of “ Mbori." The points which lead me to think that the Kordofan disease may 
be due to T. soudanense are tlie geographical distribution, though no groat stress can be laid 
on this, the peculiar remissions seen in the blood of the dog and the post mortem 
appearances, more especially the pericardial effusion. I admit, however, that these are very 
slender grounds on which to base even a suggestion, much less an opinion, but it is hoped 
next winter fully to work out the morphology and animal reactions of this trypanosome, and 
to carry out immunisation experiments. Are results obtained by these methods sufficient to 
enable a differentiation to be made ? Ehrlich, quoted by Browning, ■* does not think that the 
immunisation and subsequent inoculation advocated by Laveran constitutes a sufficient basis, 
but it is clear that much more work will have to be done before the precise value of this 
procedure is ascertained. It would seem that wherever possible it should be supplemented 
by cultural experiments, a means of diagnosis strongly upheld by Bruce as a result of recent 
work on nagana and T. dimorphon. 
Comjjarison 
with allied or 
identical 
parasites 
7\ sou(/a/ie/ise 
" HI Debah" 
the Algerian 
disease 
‘ Cazalbou, L. (November 25th, 1907), “ Coutributiou a I'etiulc des Trypanosomiases de TAfricpic Occidcntale.” 
Ann. de, Vlnstilut Pasteur, t. XXI. 
- Laveran, A. (May 25th, 1907), “ Trypanosomes du Haut Niger.” Ibid. 
Laveran, A. (November 21st, 1904). C. R. .Lead. Sc. 
® Sergent, Ed. and Et. “El Debab; Trypanosomiase des Uromadaircs de I’Afrique du Nord.” Ann. dc 
Vlnstilut Pasteur, t. XIX., pp. 16-48. 
* Browning, C. H. {January, 1908), “ Chemo-Therapy in Try^janosome Infections ; an E.'cpcrimental Study.” 
Journal of Patliology and Bacterioloyij, Vol. XII. 
