MISCKr-LANF.OUS XOTF.S 
59 
{(!} Parasites apart from {a) and (/)) ... ... ... 19 
(i’) New growths ... ... ... ... ... ... IG 
(/) Other pathological conditions ... ... ... ... 2G 
(ij) Medico-legal ... ... ... ... ... ... 2 
Space does not permit of any detailed reference to the various conditions 
encountered, and in any case only a few were of special interest, and these for the most 
part have received notice in the Eeview Supplement. 
i\I ISCI'ILLANEOUS NoTES 
Captain P. E. Vaughan has again been good enough to send blood slides from various 
species of animal in the Bahr-El-Ghazal Province. Halteridia have been found in the 
bloods of the following birds which have been kindly identified for me by Mr. A. L. Butler 
from skins or descriptions sent him by Captain Vaughan : — 
i^eriniin Ictenix (Bonn et VieilL). Common yellow-fronted Serin. 
Neopltron Moiiachna (Teuun). Brown Scavenger Vulture. 
Ti-it.rliiiph.ouux Anm.udi (Des Murs). Arnaud’s Spotted Barbet (very probably). 
Ilimndo JEtliiopir.tL (Blauf). Abyssinian Swallow (probably). 
Buho Gineraxcenus (Guerin). Grey Eagle Owl. 
Merops Xiibiciis (Gur.). Nubian Bee-eater. 
Tii-rtiir Auritus. Turtle Dove. 
A large number of blood smears from different kinds of mammals, both herbivora and 
carnivora, such as the elephant, buffalo, many kinds of antelope, wart-hog, etc., have been 
examined, but in none of them were any parasites or any pathological conditions found. 
This is somewhat remarkable, as the majority come from a trypanosomiasis region haunted 
by tsetse flies. As regards the antelopes it may be, as Captain Olver thinks, that though 
trypanosomes are not to be found in the peripheral blood, encysted or latent forms will be 
found in smears from the internal organs, notably the spleen and liver. This is a matter 
of cozisiderable interest for, as is well known, the relationship of the large game of Africa 
to trypanosomiasis remains a somewhat vexed question, and on its determination important 
issues may depend. 
As regards reptiles, the blood of Bufo regularis, the common toad in Khartoum, was 
found to harbour in many cases both a trypanosome and a hzBinogregarine. Both, I think, 
have been previously described, the former being T. rotatorium (Mayer). As regards the 
latter I have been unable to trace the reference, but a very similar form has been noticed 
in the Algerian toad.* The trypanosome in Khartoum toads has only been found in two 
of its forms, though three are known to exist in the blood of this toad, and, indeed, have 
been found by Wenyon in the Sudan. The third is a much longer form than those shown in 
Plate III., fig. 2, which is inserted to demonstrate the difference between reptilian and 
mammalian trypanosomes, and to contrast the hsemogregarine of the toad with those of 
snakes and lizards {-vide Plate III., tig. 1). In the stained blood films of toad’s 
blood, one has often found the corpuscular nucleus in infected erythrocytes curiously 
displaced, sometimes lying almost at right angles to the long axis of the cell, and 
consequently superimposed upon the contained parasite. This condition is, in all probability, 
caused by blood changes, induced by the method of preparation, but it seems worth noting 
as one has seen no reference to it elsewhere, and the appearance is sufficiently striking. 
* There is a mention of what is probably the same jinrasitc in the Jnnith of Tropical .\fctlicinc and 
rarafiHohHiii (November, 10(»7), Vol. 1., No. 03. 
Halterklia 
'I'rypanosomes 
and big game 
Blood 
parasites of 
the common 
Khartoum 
toad 
